Vital Signs 2002 : The Environmental Trends

Annual volume written by the staff of the award- winning Worldwatch Institute, gives prominence to key trends that too often escape the attention of the news media, world leaders, and economic experts. Softcover.

Acknowledgments

9

(2)

Preface

11

(4)

Overview: Making the Connections

15

(1)

Connections

16

(1)

Energy, Climate, and Transportation

16

(2)

Land, Water, and Food

18

(1)

The Hazards of High-Tech and Old Tech

19

(4)

PART ONE: KEY INDICATORS

Food and Agricultural Trends

23

(14)

Aquaculture Production Intensifies

24

(2)

Grain Harvest Lagging Behind Demand

26

(2)

Meat Production Hits Another High

28

(2)

Cocoa Production Jumps

30

(2)

Sugar and Sweetener Use Grows

32

(2)

Irrigated Area Rises

34

(3)

Energy Trends

37

(12)

Fossil Fuel Use Inches Up

38

(2)

Nuclear Power Up Slightly

40

(2)

Wind Energy Surges

42

(2)

Solar Cell Use Rises Quickly

44

(2)

Compact Fluorescents Set Record

46

(3)

Atmospheric Trends

49

(8)

Global Temperature Close to a Record

50

(2)

Carbon Emissions Reach New High

52

(2)

CFC Use Declining

54

(3)

Economic Trends

57

(16)

Economic Growth Falters

58

(2)

Trade Slows

60

(2)

Foreign Debt Falls in Dollar Terms

62

(2)

Metals Exploration Drops Sharply

64

(2)

Metals Production Climbs

66

(2)

Oil Spills Decline

68

(2)

Roundwood Production Rebounds

70

(3)

Transportation Trends

73

(8)

Vehicle Production Declines Slightly

74

(2)

Bicycle Production Rolls Forward

76

(2)

Passenger Rail at Crossroads

78

(3)

Communications Trends

81

(6)

Internet Continues Meteoric Rise

82

(2)

Mobile Phone Use Booms

84

(3)

Health and Social Trends

87

(6)

Population Growing Steadily

88

(2)

AIDS Passes 20-Year Mark

90

(3)

Military Trends

93

(8)

Number of Violent Conflicts Declines

94

(2)

Peacekeeping Expenditures Rise Again

96

(5)

PART TWO: SPECIAL FEATURES

Environment Features

101

(16)

Farmland Quality Deteriorating

102

(2)

Forest Loss Unchecked

104

(2)

Freshwater Species at Increasing Risk

106

(2)

Transboundary Parks Become Popular

108

(2)

Semiconductors Have Hidden Costs

110

(2)

Toxic Waste Largely Unseen

112

(2)

Rio Treaties Post Some Success

114

(3)

Economy and Finance Features

117

(12)

Foreign Aid Spending Falls

118

(2)

Charitable Giving Widespread

120

(2)

Cruise Industry Buoyant

122

(2)

Ecolabeling Gains Ground

124

(2)

Pesticide Sales Remain Strong

126

(3)

Resource Economics Features

129

(8)

Biotech Industry Growing

130

(2)

Appliance Efficiency Takes Off

132

(2)

Water Stress Driving Grain Trade

134

(3)

Health Features

137

(10)

Food-borne Illness Widespread

138

(2)

Soda Consumption Grows

140

(2)

Prevalence of Asthma Rising Rapidly

142

(2)

Mental Health Often Overlooked

144

(3)

Social Features

147

(14)

Poverty Persists

148

(2)

Car-Sharing Emerging

150

(2)

Sprawling Cities Have Global Effects

152

(2)

Teacher Shortages Hit Hard

154

(2)

Women Subject to Violence

156

(2)

Voter Participation Declines

158

(3)

Military Features

161

(4)

Progress Against Landmines

162

(3)

Notes

165

(48)

The Vital Signs Series

213

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Vital Signs 2002 : The Environmental Trends That Are Shaping Our Future

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials