Waldenses Rejections of Holy Church in

This is the first one-volume scholarly account in English of the Waldenses - a movement comprising various forms of religious dissidence and self-expression that was founded in the late twelfth century.

Euan Cameron is Professor of Early Modern History at the University of Newcastle upon Tyne. He is author of The European Reformation (1991) and editor of Early Modern Europe: An Oxford History (1999) and has published a number of journal articles on heresy and the Reformation. His first book on Waldensian heresy, The Reformation of the Heretics, was published in 1984.

List of Plates

viii

List of Maps

ix

Preface

x

Introduction

1

(1)

Waldenses and the Catholic Church

2

(1)

The Changing Shape of the Sources

3

(2)

Some Questions Arising

5

(6)

Part I The First Phase

Before Heresy: Valdesius and the Poor Brethren at Lyon to 1184

11

(12)

Poverty and Bible Reading (c. 1170--c. 1177)

11

(4)

The Instinct to Preach (1177--1179)

15

(2)

Explicit Rejection of Dualist Heresy (1180--1181)

17

(2)

Dispersal and Condemnation at Verona (1182--1184)

19

(4)

Disobedient Preachers, 1184--c. 1210

23

(13)

Preachers Despite the Church

24

(4)

The Assault on Catharism

28

(2)

The Way of Life of the Travelling Preachers

30

(3)

More Radical Opposition to Church Teachings

33

(1)

The Disputation at Pamiers and the Conversion of Durand

34

(2)

The Lombard `Poor in Spirit', c. 1205--c. 1240

36

(13)

A Milieu Saturated with Anti-clerical Dissent

37

(1)

`Lombards' and `Leonists'

38

(2)

Organization of the Poor in Lombardy

40

(2)

Manual Labour among the Lombard Poor

42

(1)

The Conference of Bergamo

43

(2)

Lombard Beliefs and Teachings

45

(4)

The Reconciliations with Rome, 1208--1212

49

(21)

Durand of Osca and his Propositum Vitae

50

(3)

The Penitents of Elne Diocese

53

(1)

Papal Protection and Disappearance

54

(1)

Bernardus Primus: The `Reconciled Poor' Working Religious

55

(2)

Some Unanswered Questions

57

(13)

Part II The Age of Inquisition, Thirteenth to Fifteenth Centuries

Introduction: The Impact of Organized Inquisitorial Activity

63

(7)

Waldenses in Occitan France, c.1220--1320

70

(26)

Southern France in the Mid-thirteenth Century

71

(7)

The `Brethren' in Burgundy and the Languedoc, c.1280--1320

78

(9)

The `Poor of Christ' at Pamiers: Raymond de Sainte-Foy and Jean de Lorraine

87

(5)

The Inquisitor Bernard Gui and the Waldenses

92

(4)

Germany and Eastern Europe

96

(55)

The Earliest Evidence from Germany

97

(4)

The Austrian Waldenses, c. 1265--1315

101

(11)

The German Waldenses in Bohemia and Moravia in the Early Fourteenth Century

112

(6)

The Austrian Brethren and their Defectors, 1368

118

(7)

The Waldenses Before the Great Conversions of the 1390s

125

(14)

Prosecution and Persuasion: The Late Fourteenth-century Inquisitions

139

(5)

The German Waldenses meet the Hussite Movement

144

(7)

The Southwestern Alps

151

(60)

Piedmont: Martin Pastre and the `Men of Recognition', c.1335

155

(5)

The Waldenses in their `Heartlands' from 1387 Onwards

160

(8)

Charismatic Individual Leaders in Piedmont, c.1370--1395

168

(8)

The Dauphine, 1360s--1487

176

(17)

Crusade and Rehabilitation in the Dauphine, 1487--1509

193

(7)

The Migrant Communities: Calabria, Apulia, Provence

200

(11)

Part III The Alpine Waldenses Confront the Reformation

Introduction: The End of Heresy?

209

(2)

The Alpine Barbes and their Culture, c.1520--1530

211

(21)

The Pastorate: The Evidence of Georges Morel and Pierre Griot

212

(4)

The `Waldensian Books'

216

(10)

The Puzzle of Hussite Influence

226

(6)

The Encounters of 1530--1532 and their Outcomes

232

(32)

The Correspondence of Georges Morel and the Reformers

233

(7)

1532

240

(6)

The Propositions of Angrogna

246

(7)

The Farels and their Circle from 1533 Onwards

253

(5)

The Luberon and its Sufferings, 1530--1550

258

(6)

Calvin's Geneva takes over in Piedmont, 1555--1565

264

(21)

The Mission of Vernou and Lauversat, 1555

264

(3)

Churches Built and Ministers Sent

267

(4)

Threats and Intercession: International Interest

271

(3)

The War of the Edict of Nice

274

(4)

The French Wars of Religion in the Dauphine

278

(2)

Pastors and Flocks in a `Heretical' Community

280

(5)

Epilogue: The Waldenses as Persecuted Martyrs and the `True Church'

285

(12)

Conclusions and Reflections

297

(7)

Bibliography

304

(15)

Index

319

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Waldenses Rejections of Holy Church in Medieval Europe

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