Wild Politics

The personal and the political, the local and the globaldivergent perspectives are synthesized in this visionary examination of globalization and how it affects individual lives. Personal stories of urban and rural living reveal the many varieties of experience and how Western culture has created both immense wealth and poverty. Discussions of primary production, neoclassical economics, and international trade agreements accompany writing about nature and how rural life is deeply connected to land.

Susan Hawthorne

Acknowledgements

vi

Permissions

xiv

Introduction A Feminist Critique of Western Global Culture

2

(7)

Cultural Logic

9

(3)

Decolonising Scholarship

12

(2)

Biodiversity and Seeds

14

(3)

The Seed of Culture

17

(2)

Weaving the Strands

19

(2)

Defining the Wild

21

(7)

The Principle of Diversity

28

(36)

Beginnings

30

(2)

Thesis, Antithesis, Synthesis

32

(2)

Feminism

34

(3)

Change

37

(1)

Creating Feminist Knowledge

38

(6)

Who Is the Knower?

44

(6)

Standpoint Theory

50

(1)

Analysis

51

(3)

Synthesis

54

(2)

Dissociation

56

(4)

Associative Thinking

60

(4)

Power and Knowledge: Global Monotony or Local Diversity?

64

(46)

Power

64

(5)

The Power of Violence

69

(5)

The Power of Reward

74

(2)

The Power of Backlash

76

(2)

The Power of Obstacles

78

(1)

The Power of Systems

79

(3)

The Power of Attraction

82

(3)

The Power of Attitudes

85

(1)

Knowledge

86

(2)

Assimilation and Appropriation

88

(5)

A Clash of Knowledge Systems

93

(4)

Not Seeing

97

(1)

The Perceptual Gap

98

(2)

How Knowledge Is Valued

100

(2)

Cultural Homogeneity

102

(4)

In Defence of Diversity

106

(4)

One Global Economy or Diverse Decolonised Economies?

110

(52)

The Logic of Neoclassical Economics

110

(13)

How Women Are (ac)Counted

123

(5)

Economic Homogeneity and Globalisation

128

(10)

Decolonising Economics

138

(2)

Feminist Economics

140

(9)

Ecological Economics

149

(6)

Toward a Wild Economics

155

(7)

Land as Relationship and Land as Possession

162

(44)

Land as Resource or Relationship?

162

(1)

Wilderness

162

(10)

Land

172

(5)

Dealing with Waste

177

(1)

``Freeing'' the Land, Enclosing the Commons

178

(3)

Feminist Conceptions of Land

181

(3)

Indigenous Conceptions of Land

184

(3)

Land as Possession

187

(6)

Tourism: Land and Wilderness as Commodity

193

(4)

Urban Land

197

(3)

Urban Land as Wild Space

200

(2)

Steps to Developing a Wild Politics of Land

202

(4)

Farming, Fishing and Forestry: From Subsistence to Terminator Technology

206

(56)

Farming in Kenya and Nigeria

208

(10)

Forestry in Europe, North America and South Asia

218

(12)

Fishing in the Pacific

230

(6)

Digitised and Globalised Farming: What the future holds

236

(13)

The Kyoto Protocol, Plantation Forests and Terminator Trees

249

(5)

Fishing Wild Fish to Feed Domesticated Fish

254

(6)

The Commodification of ``Everything''

260

(1)

Women as Keepers of Ecosystems

260

(2)

Production, Consumption and Work: Global and Local

262

(50)

Production and Disparity

262

(5)

Consumption and Disparity

267

(3)

Work and Disparity

270

(3)

Global Production

273

(9)

Global Consumption

282

(9)

Global Work

291

(6)

Local Production

297

(2)

Local Consumption

299

(3)

Local Work

302

(7)

The Military as Gross Producer and Consumer

309

(1)

Conclusion

309

(3)

Monocultures and Multilateral Trade Rules

312

(50)

Patents

314

(8)

Multilateral Trade Agreements and the Shape of International Law

322

(2)

Multilateral Trade Negotiations and the Convention on Biological Diversity

324

(6)

The World Trade Organisation (WTO)

330

(3)

Trade Related Intellectual Property rights (TRIPs)

333

(7)

Food Security

340

(5)

The Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI)

345

(4)

Traditional Resource Rights (TRRs) and Community Intellectual Rights (CIRs)

349

(3)

The Human Genome Project (HGP) and the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP)

352

(8)

Conclusion

360

(2)

Wild Politics

362

(14)

Wild Politics: A vision for the next 40,000 years

369

(7)

Appendix

376

(5)

Tables

1. World's 100 largest economic entities

376

(3)

2. Companies, countries and name changes

379

(1)

3. Areas of highest cultural and biological diversity

380

(1)

Glossary

381

(9)

Abbreviations

390

(2)

Bibliography

392

(51)

Index

443

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Wild Politics

Summary

Author Biography

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