The Wiley Handbook on Violence in Education Forms, Factors, and Preventions

In this comprehensive, multidisciplinary volume, experts from a wide range fields explore violence in education’s different forms, contributing factors, and contextual nature.

With contributions from noted experts in a wide-range of scholarly and professional fields, The Wiley Handbook on Violence in Education offers original research and essays that address the troubling issue of violence in education. The authors show the different forms that violence takes in educational contexts, explore the factors that contribute to violence, and provide innovative perspectives and approaches for prevention and response. This multidisciplinary volume presents a range of rigorous research that examines violence from both micro- and macro- approaches.

In its twenty-nine chapters, this comprehensive volume’s fifty-nine contributors, representing thirty-three universities from the United States and six other countries, examines violence’s distinctive forms and contributing factors. This much-needed volume:

• Addresses the complexities of violence in education with essays from experts in the fields of sociology, psychology, criminology, education, disabilities studies, forensic psychology, philosophy, and critical theory
• Explores the many forms of school violence including physical, verbal, linguistic, social, legal, religious, political, structural, and symbolic violence
• Reveals violence in education’s stratified nature in order to achieve a deeper understanding of the problem
• Demonstrates how violence in education is deeply situated in schools, communities, and the broader society and culture
• Offers new perspectives and proposals for prevention and response

The Wiley Handbook on Violence in Education is designed to help researchers, educators, policy makers, and community leaders understand violence in educational settings and offers innovative, effective approaches to this difficult challenge.  

Harvey Shapiro is a faculty member in the Department of Education at Northeastern University.

Notes on the Editors ix

Notes on Contributors xi

Acknowledgments xxi

Introduction: Context, Form, Prevention, and Response: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Violence in Education 1
Harvey Shapiro

Section 1 School Shootings 7

Section Editor
Harvey Shapiro

Section 1 Introduction: Broadening the Context, Refocusing the Response 9
Harvey Shapiro

1 The Menace of School Shootings in America: Panic and Overresponse 15
James Alan Fox and Emma E. Fridel

2 Threat Assessment 37
Dewey G. Cornell

3 School Shootings, Societal Violence and Gun Culture 53
Douglas Kellner

4 Learning to Be a Rampage Shooter: The Case of Elliot Rodger 69
Ralph W. Larkin

5 The Logic of the Exception: Violence Revisited 85
Harvey Shapiro

6 Student Profiling and Negative Implications for Students with Disabilities 103
Kristeen Cherney and Margaret Price

7 Aftermath of School Shootings: A Model for Relational Aesthetic Response, Reconstruction, and Associated Living 119
A.G. Rud and Patricia L. Maarhuis

Section 2 Group and Gang Violence in Education 155

Section Editor
Emily E. Tanner-Smith

Section 2 Introduction: Group and Gang Violence in Education 157
Emily E. Tanner�]Smith

8 The Distinguishing Features, Trends, and Challenges of Group and Gang Violence in Education 165
Michael E. Ezell

9 Socio�]Ecological Risk and Protective Factors for Youth Gang Involvement 185
Joey Nuñez Estrada, Jr., Adrian H. Huerta, Edwin Hernandez, Robert A. Hernandez, and Steve W. Kim

10 School of Hard Knocks: Gangs, Schools, and Education in the United States 203
Kendra J. Clark, David C. Pyrooz, and Ryan Randa

11 Do School Policies and Programs Improve Outcomes by Reducing Gang Presence in Schools? 227
Benjamin W. Fisher, F. Chris Curran, F. Alvin Pearman II, and Joseph H. Gardella

12 An Historical Account of the Discursive Construction of Zero Tolerance in Print Media 249
Jessica Nina Lester and Katherine Evans

13 School Surveillance and Gang Violence: Deterrent, Criminalizing, or Context�]Specific Effects 269
Lynn A. Addington and Emily E. Tanner�]Smith

14 When Gangs Are in Schools: Expectations for Administration and Challenges for Youth 287
Lisa De La Rue and Anjali J. Forber�]Pratt

15 Short School�]based Interventions to Reduce Violence: A Review 303
Nadine M. Connell, Richard Riner, Richard Hernandez, Jordan Riddell, and Justine Medrano

Section 3 Bullying, Sexual Violence, and Suicide in Education 321

Section Editor
Dorothy L. Espelage

Section 3 Introduction: Bullying, Sexual Violence, and Suicide in Education 323
Dorothy L. Espelage

16 Bullying and Cyberbullying Prevalence as a Form of Violence in Education 327
Amanda Nickerson, Danielle Guttman, and Samantha VanHout

17 School Climate and Bullying Prevention Programs 359
Jun Sung Hong, Dorothy L. Espelage, and Jeoung Min Lee

18 Sexual Violence in K–12 Settings 375
Anjali J. Forber�]Pratt and Dorothy L. Espelage

19 Violence against LGBTQ Students: Punishing and Marginalizing Difference 393
Elizabethe Payne and Melissa J. Smith

20 Intimate Partner Violence in Higher Education: Integrated Approaches for Reducing Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault on Campus 417
Sheila M. Katz and Laura J. McGuire

21 Researching Sexual Violence with Girls in Rural South Africa: Some Methodological Challenges in Using Participatory Visual Methodologies 433
Relebohile Moletsane and Claudia Mitchell

22 Bullying, Suicide, and Suicide Prevention in Education 449
Melissa K. Holt, Chelsey Bowman, Anastasia Alexis, and Alyssa Murphy

Section 4 Structural and Symbolic Violence in Education 465

Section Editor
Harvey Shapiro

Section 4 Introduction: Structures of Violence in Education 467
Harvey Shapiro

23 Why Schools? Coercion, Refuge, and Expression as Factors in Gun Violence 471
Bryan R. Warnick, Sang Hyun Kim, and Shannon Robinson

24 “Don’t Feed the Trolls”: Violence and Discursive Performativity 487
Claudia W. Ruitenberg

25 Gender as a Factor in School Violence: Honor and Masculinity 503
Amy Shuffelton

26 Radical Truth Telling from the Ferguson Uprising: An Educational Intervention to Shift the Narrative, Build Political Efficacy, Claim Power, and Transform Communities 519
David Ragland

27 Emmanuel Levinas: Philosophical Exposures, and Responses to Systemic and Symbolic Violence in Education 537
Gabriel Keehn and Deron Boyles

28 Violence and Peace in Schools: Some Philosophical Reflections 559
Hilary Cremin and Alex Guilherme

29 Critical Peace Education as a Response to School Violence: Insights from Critical Pedagogies for Non�]violence 577
Michalinos Zembylas

Index 595

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