The Windows Serial Port Programming Handbook

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ISBN: 9780849322136 | 0849322138
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 11/19/2004

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The popularity of serial communications demands that additional serial port interfaces be developed to meet the expanding requirements of users. The Windows Serial Port Programming Handbook illustrates the principles and methods of developing various serial port interfaces using multiple languages. This hands-on and practical guide to serial interface programming enables you to develop sophisticated interfaces and apply them in real-world projects. Step by step and line by line, the Handbook clearly explains the interfacing techniques used for each different language. Examples from actual projects have been compiled and debugged, with detailed source code for each included on an accompanying CD-ROM.

About the Author

Acknowledgments

xvii

The Fundamentals of Serial Port Communications

(88)

Introduction

(1)

Why Serial Port Communications Are Necessary

(1)

What Is Serial Port Communication?

(8)

RS-232

(1)

RS-422

(1)

RS-485

(1)

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

(1)

Controller Area Network (CAN)

(2)

CAN Standard Frame

(1)

CAN Extended Frame

(1)

Detecting and Signaling Errors

(1)

Firewire

(2)

Serial Port Communication Protocols

(13)

ASCII Code

(1)

DTE and DCE

(1)

Serial Data Format in TTL

(2)

Serial Data Format in Transmission Lines

(1)

Baud Rate

(1)

Parity

(1)

Serial Signal Handshaking and the Physical Connector

(2)

DB-9 Connector

(3)

DB-25 Connector

(2)

Serial Signal Timing

(1)

Serial Port Cabling

(2)

PC-to-Modem Cabling

(1)

Null Modem Cabling

(1)

The Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART)

(26)

Two Types of UARTs

(2)

UART Model Numbers

(1)

The UART Transmitter

(2)

The UART Receiver

(1)

Addressing the UART

(1)

The 8250 UART

(1)

8250 Architecture

(1)

8250 Internal Registers

(2)

8250 Register Functionality

(8)

The 8250 UART Interrupt Operations

(5)

The 16550 UART

(1)

The Receiver Buffer Register (RBR)

(1)

The FIFO Control Register (FCR)

(1)

The Line Status Register (LSR)

(1)

Modems and Flow Control

(15)

Modem and Modem Control

(2)

Internal Modem and External Modem

(1)

Modulation and Demodulation

(1)

Amplitude Modulation

(1)

Frequency Modulation

(1)

Phase Modulation

(1)

Other Modulations

(1)

Modem Control

(1)

Flow Control and File Transfer Control

(1)

Hardware Flow Control

(1)

Software Flow Control

(1)

File Transfer Control

(1)

The XMODEM Protocol

(2)

The XMODEM-CRC Protocol

(1)

The XMODEM-1K Protocol

(1)

The YMODEM Protocol

(1)

The YMODEM-G Protocol

(1)

The ZMODEM Protocol

(1)

The Kermit Protocol

(2)

Serial Communication Errors and Error Detection

(3)

Block Redundancy---Checksum

(1)

The Classical CRC Algorithm

(2)

Variations of CRC

(1)

Serial Communications with the RS-422 and RS-485

(19)

Basics of the RS-422 Standard

(1)

Basics of the RS-485 Standard

(1)

The Operational Principle of the RS-485

(16)

Serial Port Programming for MS-DOS in ANSI C and Assembly Languages

(94)

Introduction

(2)

Virtual Machines

(1)

MS-DOS-Compatible ANSI C Programming

(2)

A Loopback Serial Port Testing Program Developed in ANSI C

(4)

A Loopback Testing Program Developed in C

(1)

The _outp() and _inp() Functions

(1)

The Detailed Program Code

(3)

Embedding Assembly Code into C Programming

(17)

Inline Assembly Code

(1)

The _asm Keyword

(1)

Using C/C++ in _asm Blocks

(1)

Using Operators and Symbols in _asm Blocks

(1)

Accessing C/C++ Data in _asm Blocks

(1)

Using and Preserving Registers in Inline Assembly Code

100

(1)

Jumping to Labels in _asm Blocks

100

(1)

Calling C/C++ Functions in _asm Blocks

100

(2)

Defining _asm Blocks as C Macros

102

(1)

Embedding Inline Assembly Code Within C Code

103

(9)

A Serial Port Communication Program Developed in ANSI C

112

(24)

The Serial Port Communication Program on the Master Side

114

(11)

The Serial Port Communication Program on the Slave Side

125

(7)

Testing the Serial Port Communication Program Using Two Computers

132

(4)

A Serial Port Communication Program Developed in ANSI C and Inline Assembly Code

136

(3)

Embedding Inline Assembly Code with the Master and the Slave Computers

137

(2)

An Interrupt-Driven Serial Communications Program

139

(6)

The Interrupt Mechanism of the 8250 and 16550 UARTs

140

(1)

A Sample Interrupt Program

141

(4)

Programming the Interface Between PCs and A/D Converters

145

(35)

An Eight-Bit A/D Serial Interface Developed in ANSI C

146

(1)

The TLC548 Analog-to-Digital Converter

146

(2)

The TLC548 Serial Interface Program

148

(6)

An Eight-Bit A/D Serial Interface Developed in ANSI C and Inline Assembly Code

154

(6)

A 12-Bit A/D Serial Interface Developed in ANSI C

160

(1)

The MAX187---12-Bit Serial A/D Converter

160

(2)

The MAX220---Multichannel RS-232 Drivers and Receivers

162

(1)

The 12-Bit Serial A/D Converter Interface Circuit

163

(2)

The 12-Bit Serial A/D Converter Interface Program

165

(8)

A 12-Bit A/D Serial Interface Developed in C and Inline Assembly Code

173

(7)

Chapter Summary

180

(3)

Serial-Port Interfaces Developed in VC++ 6.0

183

(112)

Introduction

183

(7)

Configuring a Serial Port

184

(2)

Writing Data to the Serial Port

186

(1)

Reading Data from the Serial Port

187

(3)

A Single-Loop Serial Port Communication Test in C/C++

190

(53)

Hardware Installation

190

(1)

Developing a Console Application Testing Program

190

(15)

A Serial Port Application in Visual C++

205

(4)

Developing the Document Class

209

(3)

Developing the View Class

212

(8)

Developing the Dialog Box Classes

220

(23)

A Double-Loop Serial Port Test in Visual C++

243

(45)

Hardware Connection

243

(2)

A Console-Based Double-Loop Serial-Port-Testing Project

245

(15)

A Double-Loop Serial-Port-Testing Project Using MFC

260

(28)

RS-485 Serial Port Communication

288

(5)

Overview

288

(1)

An RS-485 Application for Real-Time Control

289

(1)

Installing and Setting Up the NI-485

290

(1)

NI-485 Serial Port Setup and Installation

291

(2)

Software Implementation with the NI-485

293

(1)

Chapter Summary

293

(2)

Serial Port Programming in Visual BASIC

295

(180)

Introduction

295

(2)

Calling Windows API Functions to Interface The Serial Ports

297

(34)

Windows API Functions

297

(3)

Mapping to a Subroutine

300

(1)

Mapping to a Function

301

(1)

The API Viewer

301

(3)

The API Functions, Structures and Constants in Serial Communications

304

(1)

Nonoverlapped I/O

305

(1)

Overlapped I/O

306

(1)

A Visual Basic Program Using Win32 API Functions

307

(2)

Developing Two Graphical User Interfaces

309

(3)

Adding Win32 API Functions to the VBAPISerial Project

312

(4)

Developing the Setup Form

316

(2)

Developing the frmSerial Form

318

(10)

Testing and Running the VBAPISerial Project

328

(3)

Using the Active-X MSComm Control to Interface with the Serial Ports

331

(113)

Overview of the Active-X MSComm Control

331

(1)

Configuration Properties for the MSComm Control

332

(1)

Data Transfer Properties for the MSComm Control

333

(1)

Handshaking Properties for the MSComm Control

333

(2)

Identification Properties for the MSComm Control

335

(1)

The Operation of the MSComm Control

335

(2)

A Serial Port Communication Program Developed with MSComm

337

(1)

The Serial Interface Program for the Master Computer

338

(22)

The Serial Interface Program for the Slave Computer

360

(16)

A Serial Interface for the File Flow Control Between Two Computers

376

(1)

The File Transfer Program for the Master Computer

376

(22)

The File Transfer Program for the Slave Computer

398

(13)

Developing a Serial Interface For the TLC548 8-Bit A/D Converter

411

(1)

The Interface Circuit of the 8-Bit Serial A/D Converter

411

(1)

The Interface Program Design

412

(13)

Implementation of the Serial Interface for the 8-Bit Serial A/D Converter

425

(2)

Developing a Serial Interface for the MAX187 12-Bit A/D Converter

427

(1)

The Interface Circuit of the MAX-187 A/D Converter

428

(1)

Designing the Graphical User Interfaces

429

(1)

Coding the Project

430

(12)

Implementation of the Serial Interface for a 12-Bit Serial A/D Converter

442

(2)

Calling Dynamic Link Library to Interface with the Serial Ports

444

(28)

Review of the DLL

444

(1)

General Requirement for Calling a User-Defined DLL

445

(1)

An Example of Calling DLL to Interface the Serial Port

446

(1)

Configuring the Hardware for the Loop-Back Test

447

(1)

Developing a Dynamic Link Library in Visual C++

447

(13)

Developing a Visual Basic Testing Project

460

(12)

Chapter Summary

472

(3)

Serial Port Programming in LabVIEW

475

(112)

Introduction

475

(1)

A Basic Serial Port Interface for Writing and Reading Data

475

(6)

Designing the Front Panel for the Loopback Testing Program

476

(1)

Designing a Block Diagram for the Loopback Testing Program

477

(3)

Running and Testing the Loopback Testing Program

480

(1)

Advanced Serial Port Interfaces

481

(36)

Using VISA to Interface with an 8-Bit Serial A/D Converter, TLC548

481

(2)

Designing a Front Panel for the Main Program

483

(2)

Develop a Block Diagram for the Main Program

485

(3)

Designing a Front Panel for the Data Collection SubVI

488

(2)

Developing a Block Diagram for the Data Collection SubVI

490

(7)

Testing and Running the Project

497

(2)

Using VISA to Interface with an 12-Bit Serial A/D Converter MAX187

499

(2)

Designing a Front Panel for the Main Program

501

(1)

Developing a Block Diagram for the Main Program

502

(3)

Designing a Front Panel for the GetMAXData SubVI

505

(2)

Developing a Block Diagram for the GetMAXData SubVI

507

(7)

Configuring the GetMAXData VI as a SubVI

514

(1)

Testing and Running the Project

515

(2)

Calling the DLL from LabVIEW to Interface with the Serial Port

517

(30)

Using Call Library Function and the Code Interface Node

517

(1)

Using the Call Library Function to Access DLLs

517

(2)

The Calling Conventions

519

(1)

The Calling Parameters

520

(1)

Calling Functions That Expect Other Data Types

521

(1)

The Create. c File

522

(1)

Multiple Calls to the Shared DLL Function

522

(1)

Using the Call Library Function to Interface with the TLC548 Serial A/D Converter

523

(1)

Interface Circuit of the TLC548 Serial A/D Converter

523

(1)

Building the Function Protocol in LabVIEW

524

(4)

Building the Block Diagram in LabVIEW

528

(2)

Building DLL Functions in Visual C++

530

(17)

Calling the CIN from LabVIEW to Interface with the Serial Port

547

(38)

The Calling Procedure of the CIN

548

(1)

Creating a CIN

548

(2)

Creating a .c File

550

(1)

Using the Visual C++ IDE to Compile the CIN Source Code

551

(1)

Loading the CIN Object Code

552

(1)

Using CIN to Interface with a Serial A/D Converter

552

(1)

The Hardware Interface Circuit

552

(1)

Designing of a Front Panel for the Project

553

(1)

Using CIN to Develop a Block Diagram

553

(6)

Using the Visual C++ 6.0 IDE to Develop the CIN Object Code

559

(23)

Loading the CIN Object Code and Running the Project

582

(3)

Other Methods for Interfacing with the Serial Port

585

(2)

Serial Port Programming in MATLAB

587

(72)

Introduction

587

(1)

Using MEX-files to Interface with Serial Ports

587

(35)

The MEX-File Format

588

(1)

System Setup and Configuration

589

(1)

Select a Compiler

589

(2)

The Ingredients of a MEX-file

591

(1)

Header File mex.h

591

(1)

The mxArray

591

(1)

Using the Gateway Function mexFunction in C/C++

592

(3)

API Functions

595

(1)

Creating a MEX-file in C/C++

596

(1)

Using a MEX-file to Interface with the MAX187 ADC

597

(2)

Configuring the C/C++ MEX-file

599

(1)

Designing the Header File for the MEX-file

600

(3)

Designing the DEF File

603

(1)

Designing the Source File of the MEX-file

603

(14)

Compiling and Building the Target MEX-file

617

(1)

The Design of the MATLAB M-Function

618

(1)

Testing and Running the Project

619

(2)

Creating a MEX-file to Interface with the TLC548 ADC

621

(1)

Using the Shared DLL to Interface with the Serial Ports

622

(25)

Installing the Loadlibrary Interface

622

(2)

Loading and Unloading the Shared Library

624

(1)

Obtaining Information from the Library

624

(1)

Calling Library Functions and Passing Arguments

625

(1)

Converting Data Between MATLAB and External Functions

626

(1)

Primitive Data Types

627

(1)

Converting Data to Other Primitive Data Types

627

(1)

Converting Data to References

628

(1)

Converting to Strings

628

(1)

Converting and Passing Structures

629

(2)

Creating References

631

(2)

Creating a Structure Reference

633

(1)

Creating Reference Pointers

634

(1)

Calling a Shared DLL

635

(1)

Developing a Standard Win32 Dynamic Link Library

635

(3)

Developing a MATLAB M-Function to Call the DLL

638

(7)

Testing and Running the DLL Project

645

(2)

Using the Serial Object to Interface with the Serial Ports

647

(12)

The Instrument Control Toolbox

647

(1)

Creating and Configuring a Serial Port Object

648

(1)

Writing and Reading the Serial Port Object

649

(1)

Event and Callback Functions

650

(1)

The BytesAvailable Event and Its Callback Function BytesAvailableFcn

651

(1)

The Output Empty Event and Its Callback Function OutputEmptyFcn

651

(1)

The PinStatus Event and Its Callback Function PinStatusFcn

651

(1)

The Timer Event and Its Callback Function TimerFcn

652

(1)

The Break Interrupt Event and Its Callback Function BreakProcess ()

652

(1)

Using the Serial Port Object to Perform Data Transmission

652

(1)

Using the Graphical Tool to Create and Configure a Serial Port

652

(4)

Developing a User-Defined Callback Function

656

(1)

Developing the Main Serial Port Interface Program

656

(2)

Testing and Running the Main Serial Port Interface Program

658

(1)

Serial Port Programming in Smalltalk

659

(70)

Introduction

659

(1)

Overview of VisualWorks

659

(5)

The VisualWorks Application Framework

660

(1)

Installing and Starting VisualWorks

661

(3)

A Simple Serial Port Interface Program

664

(30)

Serial Port Testing Configuration

664

(1)

Developing a Domain Model Class

665

(3)

Developing an Application Model Class and a GUI

668

(1)

Developing an External Interface Class

669

(5)

Finish Coding of the SerialPort Project in VisualWorks

674

(1)

Code for the Application Model

675

(2)

Code for the Domain Model

677

(3)

Parceling and Filing Out the Project Files

680

(1)

Develop a Dynamic Link Library in the Visual C++ Domain

681

(1)

Creating the Header File for the DLL

681

(1)

Developing the Source File for the DLL

681

(9)

Developing the Definition File for the DLL

690

(1)

Finishing Coding of the SerialPort Project in VisualWorks

691

(3)

An Advanced Serial Port Interface Program

694

(35)

The Interface Circuit

695

(1)

Developing the Dynamic Link Library

696

(1)

The Header File for the DLL

696

(2)

Code for the Source Files of the DLL

698

(9)

Developing the Definition File for the DLL

707

(1)

Building and Installing the DLL Target File

708

(1)

Developing a Domain Model Class

708

(4)

Developing an Application Model Class and a GUI

712

(3)

Developing an External Interface Class

715

(4)

Finish Coding of the SmallMAXDLL Project in VisualWorks

719

(1)

Code of the Application Model Class

719

(2)

Code for the Domain Model Class

721

(3)

Testing and Running the Project

724

(2)

Parceling and Filing Out the Project Files

726

(3)

Serial Port Programming in Java

729

(66)

Introduction

729

(1)

Overview of the Java Native Interface

729

(3)

Why We Need an Interface Between Java and the Native Code

729

(1)

The JNI Development Environment

730

(1)

How to Develop an InterFACE

731

(1)

A Simple Serial Port Testing Program Using the JNI

732

(37)

Setting Up the Java Development Environment in Windows 95/98/Me

732

(1)

Setting Up the Java Development Environment in Windows 2000

733

(1)

Setting Up the Java Development Environment in Windows XP

734

(1)

Setting Up the Hardware for the Single-Port Loopback Test

734

(1)

The Operation of the Interface Program

735

(1)

Developing a GUI in Java

736

(5)

Developing the Model Class File

741

(2)

Developing the Interface Class File

743

(2)

Developing the MSG Class File

745

(1)

Developing a JNI-Style Header File

746

(1)

Mapping Variables and Objects Between Java and C/C++

747

(2)

Mapping String Variables

749

(2)

Mapping Array Variables

751

(3)

Developing a Dynamic Link Library as the Native Library

754

(1)

Developing the Header File

755

(2)

Developing the Source File

757

(9)

Building and Installing the Native Library

766

(1)

Running and Testing the Project

767

(2)

An Advanced Interface Between the Serial A/D and Java

769

(23)

Developing the View Class---Java GUI Window

770

(3)

Developing the Model Class

773

(2)

Developing the Interface Class

775

(1)

Creating a JNI-Style Header File

775

(2)

Developing the Native Library (the DLL Target File)

777

(1)

Developing the DLL Header File

778

(1)

Developing the DLL Source File

778

(11)

Building and Installing the DLL Target File

789

(1)

Testing and Running the MAX187 Project

790

(2)

Chapter Summary

792

(3)

Appendix

795

(2)

Index

797

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The Windows Serial Port Programming Handbook

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials