The Woman Scientist Meeting The Challenges

An in-depth look at hidden prejudices against women in the scientific fields, and how women can overcome them.

Clarice Yentsch, Ph.D., is founder and former head of the Flow Cytometry/ Sorting Facility at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences in Maine. She lives in Florida. Carl J. Sindermann is a marine biologist who has directed marine research laboratories in New Jersey, Maryland, and Florida and was the editor of the national journal Fishery Bulletin. Carl J. Sindermann is a marine biologist and the author of five trade books on careers in science. Since he received his advanced degrees from Harvard University, he has directed marine research laboratories in New Jersey, Maryland, and Florida and was the editor of the national journal Fishery Bulletin.

Prologue	p. 1
Introduction: Status of Women Scientists in the Twentieth Century	p. 11
Career Goals of Women Scientists	p. 23
Institutional recognition: positions and salaries of women scientists	p. 27
Professional recognition: prizes, awards, and society offices for the woman scientist	p. 33
The enigma of gender differences in scientific productivity	p. 34
Suggested actions	p. 39
Summary	p. 44
Early Education and Training of Women Scientists	p. 47
Early education	p. 48
Suggested actions	p. 60
Summary	p. 62
A Time Line Approach to Women's Life-Styles as Career Scientists	p. 67
Taking women seriously	p. 68
The future?	p. 79
Suggested actions	p. 81
Summary	p. 83
Employment, Underemployment, and Unemployment	p. 85
Relative numbers of women in science workplaces	p. 86
Part-time scientists	p. 92
Kinds of underemployment	p. 100
Unemployment	p. 104
Suggested actions	p. 107
Summary	p. 108
Scientific Support Roles: Associates, Technicians, and Assistants	p. 111
The research associate	p. 112
The laboratory technician/technologist	p. 116
The research assistant	p. 119
Why so many women?	p. 121
Summary	p. 122
Women Scientists in Positions of Power and Influence	p. 125
Perceptions	p. 126
Women as managers of research groups	p. 127
Women as science bureaucrats	p. 130
Women in positions of influence	p. 133
Suggested actions	p. 142
Summary	p. 143
Women Scientists as Mentors and Role Models	p. 145
Mentors	p. 146
Role models	p. 148
Summary	p. 158
The Mobile Woman Scientist	p. 161
Itinerant behavior	p. 163
Examples	p. 164
Summary	p. 168
Participating in the Fraternities, Clubs, and Societies of Science	p. 171
Perceptions	p. 172
Realities	p. 173
Present status	p. 176
Suggested actions	p. 177
Summary	p. 179
Perceptions and Realities	p. 181
Male scientists' perceptions of women in science	p. 184
Female scientists' perceptions of other females in science	p. 187
Male administrators' views of women scientists	p. 191
Female administrators' views of women scientists	p. 195
Female scientists' views of male administrators	p. 197
Graduate students' perceptions of women scientists	p. 198
Public perceptions of women scientists	p. 201
Summary and suggested actions	p. 204
Subtle Forms of Gender-Based Differential Treatment in Science	p. 207
Exclusion	p. 209
Condescension	p. 210
Role stereotyping	p. 211
Tokenism	p. 212
Hostility	p. 213
Sexual innuendo	p. 214
Invisibility	p. 216
Body language	p. 217
Backlashing	p. 219
Devaluation	p. 220
Suggested actions	p. 221
Summary	p. 223
Eras in the Careers of Women Scientists	p. 225
Entry level	p. 226
Junior scientist level: fast forward	p. 229
The mature professional	p. 233
The woman scientist over fifty	p. 236
Summary	p. 241
Conclusions and a Forecast for the Year 2000	p. 245
Epilogue	p. 253
Special Programs and Organizations Supporting Women Career Scientists, Mathematicians, and Engineers: a Sampling	p. 257
The Woman Scientist Questionnaire	p. 261
Index	p. 265
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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The Woman Scientist Meeting The Challenges For A Successful Career

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