Women and Social Reform in Modern India

Social reforms aimed at changing the social, political, or economic status of women in India were important both to British colonial rule and to nascent nationalist movements. Debates over practices such as widow immolation, widow remarriage, and child marriage, as well as those governing marriage and property within different religious communities, continued to exert profound influence on Indian society and politics throughout the 20th century. In this collection, eminent historians Sumit Sarkar and Tanika Sarkar bring together some of the most important scholarly articles and primary source documents from the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Sumit Sarkar is Retired Professor of History at the University of Delhi. His books include Beyond Nationalist Frames: Postmodernism, Hindu Fundamentalism, History (IUP, 2002) and Writing Social History.

Tanika Sarkar is Professor at the Centre for Historical Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University. She is author of Hindu Wife, Hindu Nation: Community, Religion, and Cultural Nationalism (IUP, 2001) and co-editor of Women and Right-Wing Movements.

Introduction	p. 1
Historical Research	p. 13
Whose Sati? Widow Burning in Early-Nineteenth-Century India	p. 15
Production of an Official Discourse on Sati in Early-Nineteenth-Century Bengal	p. 38
Education for Women	p. 58
Law, Custom and Statutory Social Reform: The Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act of 1856	p. 78
Caste, Widow-Remarriage, and the Reform of Popular Culture in Colonial Bengal	p. 100
Vidyasagar and Brahmanical Society	p. 118
Customs in a Peasant Economy: Women in Colonial Haryana	p. 146
Silencing Heresy	p. 169
The Daughters of Aryavarta	p. 201
Viresalingam and the Ideology of Social Change in Andhra	p. 230
Conjugality and Hindu Nationalism: Resisting Colonial Reason and the Death of a Child-Wife	p. 259
Rebellious Wives and Dysfunctional Marriages: Indian Women's Discourses and Participation in the Debates over Restitution of Conjugal Rights and the Child Marriage Controversy in the 1880s and 1890s	p. 282
Punjab and the North-West	p. 313
Muslim Women and the Control of Property in North India	p. 326
Prize-Winning Adab: A Study of Five Urdu Books Written in Response to the Allahabad Government Gazette Notification	p. 342
Sayyid Mumtaz 'Ali and Tahzib un-Niswan: Women's Rights in Islam and Women's Journalism in Urdu	p. 359
Gender and the Politics of Space: The Movement for Women's Reform, 1857-1900	p. 378
Women's Question in the Dravidian Movement c. 1925-1948	p. 389
Multiple Meanings: Changing Conceptions of Matrilineal Kinship in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Malabar	p. 404
Women and Gender in the Study of Tribes in India	p. 424
The Second 'Women's War' and the Emergence of Democratic Government in Manipur	p. 441
Gender in the Critiques of Colonialism and Nationalism: Locating the 'Indian Woman'	p. 452
Jawaharlal Nehru and the Hindu Code: A Victory of Symbol over Substance?	p. 473
Contemporary Documents	p. 495
Tracts against Sati	p. 497
The Woeful Plight of Hindu Women	p. 504
From Stripurusha Tulana	p. 521
From Miscellaneous Writings	p. 535
The Worship of Women	p. 544
Copyright Statement	p. 551
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Women and Social Reform in Modern India

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