Women and War

Jean Elshtain examines how the myths of Man as "Just Warrior" and Woman as "Beautiful Soul" serve to recreate and secure women's social position as noncombatants and men's identity as warriors. Elshtain demonstrates how these myths are undermined by the reality of female bellicosity and sacrificial male love, as well as the moral imperatives of just wars.

Preface

x

Acknowledgements

xv

Introduction: Beautiful Souls/Just Warriors: The Seduction of War

3

(11)

Not-a-Soldier's Story: An Exemplary Tale

14

(33)

A Child of the 1950s: Images of War and Martyrdom

15

(10)

The Growing Up of a Political Theorist

25

(22)

PART I ARMED CIVIC VIRTUE

The Discourse of War and Politics: From the Greeks to Today

47

(45)

Taming Homer's Warrior: Plato and Aristotle

49

(7)

The Ideal Republic: Machiavelli and Roussean

56

(17)

Resistance to the Republic of Armed Virtue

63

(3)

Women on Rousseau's Discourse: Mary Wollstonecraft

66

(7)

The Nation-State

73

(7)

Hegel's Vision Of The State

73

(3)

Clausewitz On War

76

(2)

A Woman Demurs: Clausewitz's Widow

78

(2)

The Revolutionary Alternative: Marx and Engels

80

(6)

The ``Science'' of War and Politics: International Relations Becomes an Academic Discipline

86

(6)

Exemplary Tales of Civic Virtue

92

(29)

Women and the Civil War

94

(12)

Southern Women: ``My Country Right and Wronged''

94

(8)

Northern Women: ``Our Truth Goes Marching On''

102

(4)

The First World War: ``My Nation-State, of Thee I Shout''

106

(15)

Popular Nationalism

108

(5)

America Becomes the United States

113

(8)

The Attempt to Disarm Civic Virtue

121

(42)

The Christian Conundrum: From Pacifist to Reluctant Warriors

123

(5)

Just War, Holy War, and the Witness of Peace

128

(12)

Augustine in his Time

128

(4)

The Middle Ages and the Crusades

132

(3)

The Protestant Nation-State

135

(4)

Pacifism

139

(1)

Female Privatization: the Beautiful Soul

140

(9)

Implications of the Just-War Tradition

149

(14)

Catholic Controversies: the Bishops' 1983 Pastoral Letter

152

(2)

Just War as Political Philosophy: Michael Walzer

154

(2)

The Modern Dilemma

156

(7)

PART II LIFE GIVERS/LIFE TAKERS: HISTORY'S GENDER GAP

Women: The Ferocious Few/The Noncombatant Many

163

(31)

The Historic Cleavage

164

(3)

Female Group Violence

167

(4)

The Ferocious Few

171

(9)

A Woman Fighter in the American Revolution

174

(1)

Hell Hath no Fury: A Story of Female Revenge

175

(1)

Female Fighters in Groups: Resistance, Regulars, Terrorists

176

(4)

The Noncombatant Many

180

(14)

The Examplary Tale of a Noncombatant: Eleanor Roosevelt

187

(2)

Collective Noncombatant Virtue: ``What Did You Do in The (Good) War, Mommy?''

189

(2)

The Aggressive Mother: ``Kill them for Me''

191

(3)

Men: The Militant Many/The Pacific Few

194

(32)

The Militant Many

195

(7)

The Pacific Few

202

(9)

The Compassionate Warrior: Wartime Sacrifice

205

(6)

The Literature of War

211

(10)

The First World War: Woman's Voice/Men's Lives

214

(5)

Vietnam: the Veterans Speak

219

(2)

Structures of Experience: The Good Soldier/The Good Mother

221

(5)

Neither Warriors nor Victims: Men, Women, and Civic Life

226

(33)

The Liberal Conscience

227

(4)

Uncertain Trumpet: Feminism's War with War

231

(10)

Historic Peace Campaigns

233

(2)

Woman as Peace Activist, Woman as Secret Outsider: Jane Addams and Virginia Woolf

235

(2)

Feminism as Mobilization: States of War, Promises of Peace

237

(4)

Women as Warriors: ``You're in the Army Now''

241

(4)

Beyond War and Peace

245

(14)

Rhetorical Practices

245

(4)

The Lesson of America: Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King, Jr.

249

(4)

The Problem with Peace

253

(3)

Breaking the Deadlock (of War's Mobilized Language)

256

(3)

Epilogue

259

(12)

Notes

271

(20)

Index

291

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