World in the Making A Global History, Volume Two: Since 1300

Featuring a renowned author team and the best recent scholarship, World in the Making: A Global History is the first world history text to explore both the global and local dimensions of world history. Abundant full-color maps and images, along with other special pedagogical features that highlight the lives and voices of the world's peoples, make this new synthesis accessible and memorable for students--all at an affordable low price.

Bonnie G. Smith is Board of Governors Distinguished Professor of History Emerita at Rutgers University.

Marc Van De Mieroop is Professor of History at Columbia University.

Richard von Glahn is Professor of History at University of California, Los Angeles.

Kris Lane is the France Vinton Scholes Chair in Colonial Latin American History at Tulane University.

Preface
Acknowledgements
List of Maps
Studying with Maps
Special Features
Note on Dates and Spelling
About the Authors

Part 2: Crossroads and Cultures, 500 -1450 C.E.

14. Collapse and Revival in Afro-Eurasia 1300-1450
Backstory
Fourteenth-Century Crisis and Renewal in Eurasia
The "Great Mortality": The Black Death of 1347-1350
Rebuilding Societies in Western Europe 1350-1492
Ming China and the New Order in East Asia 1368-1500
Islam's New Frontiers
Islamic Spiritual Ferment in Central Asia 1350-1500
Ottoman Expansion and the Fall of Constantinople 1353-1453
Commerce and Culture in Islamic West Africa
Advance of Islam Maritime Southeast Asia
The Global Bazaar
Economic Prosperity and Maritime Trade in Asia 1350-1450
China's Overseas Overture: The Voyages of Zheng He 1405-1433
Commerce and Culture in the Renaissance
COUNTERPOINT Age of the Samurai in Japan 1185-1450
"The Low Overturning the High
The New Warrior Order

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Reading the Past:
A Spanish Ambassador's Description of Samarkand
Lives and Livelihoods:
Urban Weavers in India
Seeing the Past:
Leonardo da Vinci's Virgin on the Rocks

Part 3: The Early Modern World, 1450-1750

15. Empires and Alternatives in the Americas 1430-1530
Backstory
Many Native Americas
Tributes of Blood: The Aztec Empire 1325-1521
Humble Origins, Imperial Ambitions
Enlarging and Supplying the Capital
Holy Terror: Aztec Rule, Religion, and Warfare
Daily Life Under the Aztecs
The Limits of Holy Terror
Tributes of Sweat: The Inca Empire 1430-1532
From Potato Farmers to Empire Builders
The Great Apparatus: Inca Expansion and Religion
Daily Life Under the Incas
The Great Apparatus Breaks Down
COUNTERPOINT The Peoples of North America's Eastern Woodland s 1450-1530

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Seeing the Past:
An Aztec Map of Tenochtitlán
Lives and Livelihoods:
The Aztec Midwife
Reading the Past:
An Andean Creation Story

16. The Rise of an Atlantic World 1450-1600
Backstory
Guns, Sails, and Compasses: Europeans Venture Abroad
Motives for Exploration
Technologies of Exploration
Portugal Takes the Lead
New Crossroads, First Encounters: The European Voyages of Discovery 1492-1521
Christopher Columbus in a New World
From Independence to Servitude: The Encomienda System
Columbus's Successors
The Columbian Exchange
Spanish Conquests in the Americas 1519-1600
The Fall of Aztec Mexico
The Fall of Inca Peru
The Conquest: Myths and Realities
A New Empire in the Americas: New Spain and Peru 1535-1600
American Silver and the Global Economy
American Silver and Everyday Life
Brazil by Accident: The Portuguese in the Americas 1500-1600
Native Encounters and Foreign Competitors
Bitter Sugar: Slavery and the Plantation Complex in the Early Atlantic World 1530-1600
COUNTERPOINT The Mapuche of Chile: Native America's Indomitable State
A Culture of Warfare
Uprisings Against the Spanish

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Reading the Past:
Tlatelolcan Elders Recall the Conquest of Mexico
Seeing the Past:
Malintzin and the Meeting Between Moctezuma and Cortés
Lives and Livelihoods:
Atlantic Sugar Producers

17. Western Africa in the Era of the Atlantic Slave Trade 1450-1800
Backstory
Many Western Africas
Landlords and Strangers: Peoples and States in West Africa
Empire Builders and Traders
Sculptors and Priest-Kings
Land of the Blacksmith Kings: West Central Africa
Farmers and Traders
Smiths and Kings
Strangers in Ships: Gold, Slavery, and the Portuguese
From Voyages of Reconnaissance to Trading Forts 1415-1650
Portuguese Strategy in the Kingdom of Kongo
Portuguese Strategy in Angola
Northern Europeans and the Expansion of the Atlantic Slave Trade 1600-1800
The Rise and Fall of Monopoly Trading Companies
How the Mature Slave Trade Functioned
The Middle Passage
Volume of the Slave Trade
COUNTERPOINT The Pygmies of Central Africa
Life in the Congo Rain Forest
Pygmy-Bantu Relations

Conclusion | Review


Special Features
Lives and Livelihoods:
West Africa's Gold Miners
Seeing the Past:
Art of the Slave Trade: A Benin Bronze Plaque
Reading the Past:
Alonso de Sanoval, "General Points Relating to Slavery"

18. Trade and Empire in the Indian Ocean and South Asia 1450-1750
Backstory
Trading Cities and Inland Networks: East Africa
Port Towns and Beginnings
Indian Ocean Connections
Links to the Interior
Trade and Empire in South Asia
Vijayanagara's Rise and Fall 1336-1565
The Power of the Mughals
Gunpowder Weapons and Imperial Consolidation 1500-1763
Everyday Life in the Mughal Empire
European Interlopers
Portuguese Conquistadors 1500-1600
The Dutch and English East India Companies
COUNTERPOINT Aceh: Fighting Back in Southeast Asia
The Differing Fortunies of Aceh and Melaka
Aceh, "the Veranda of Mecca"

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Reading the Past:
Portuguese Report of a Vijayanagara Festival
Seeing the Past:
Reflections of the Divine in a Mughal Emerald
Lives and Livelihoods:
Cinnamon Harvesters in Ceylon

19. Consolidation and Conflict in Europe and the Greater Mediterranean 1450-1750
Backstory
The Power of the Ottoman Empire
Tools of Empire
Expansion and Consolidation
Daily Life in the Ottoman Empire
Europe Divided 1500-1650
Everyday Life in Early Modern Europe
Protestant and Catholic Reformations
Imperial Spain and Its Challenges
The Seventeenth-Century Crisis
European Innovations in Science and Government 1550-1750
The Scientific Revolution
The Emergence of Capitalism
New Political Models: Absolutism and Constitutionalism
COUNTERPOINT The Barbary Pirates
Reign of the Sea Bandits
The Barbary Wars

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Lives and Livelihoods:
Ottoman Coffeehouse Owners and Patrons
Seeing the Past:
Gift Clocks for the Emperors of China
Reading the Past:
An Exiled European Muslim Visits the Netherlands

20. Expansion and Isolation in Asia 1450-1750
Backstory
Straddling Eurasia: Rise of the Russian Empire 1462-1725
Consolidation in Muscovite Russia
The Romanovs' New Frontiers
China from Ming to Qing Rule 1500-1800
Late Ming Imperial Demands and Private Trade
Manchu Expansion and the Rise of the Qing Empire
Everyday Life in Ming and Qing China
The Flourishing of Art and Culture
Japan in Transition 1540-1750
Rise of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the Unification of Japan
Everyday Life and Culture in Tokugawa Japan
Emergence of a National Culture
Korea, a Land in Between 1392-1750
Capital and Countryside
Everyday Life in Choson Korea
Consolidation in Mainland Southeast Asia 1500-1750
Political Consolidation
Commercial Trends
COUNTERPOINT "Spiritual Conquest" in the Philippines
Arrival of the Spanish
The Limits of "Spiritual Conquest"

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Lives and Livelihoods:
Silk Weavers in China
Seeing the Past:
Ming Export Porcelain
Reading the Past:
Scenes from the Daily Life of a Korean Queen

21. Transforming New Worlds: The American Colonies Mature 1600-1750
Backstory
The World That Silver Made: Spanish America 1570-1750
Governing and Profiting from the Colonies
Everyday Life in Spanish America
Gold, Diamonds, and the Transformation of Brazil 1695-1800
Boom Times for Colonial Brazil
Everyday Life in Golden-Age Brazil
Bitter Sugar, Part Two: Slavery and Colonialism in the Caribbean 1625-1750
Pirates and Planters
The Rise of Caribbean Slave Societies
Growth and Change in British and French North America 1607-1750
Experiments in Commercial Colonialism
Everyday Life in Northern Colonies
COUNTERPOINT The Maroons of Suriname
From Persecution to Freedom
Suriname's Distinctive Maroon Culture

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Seeing the Past:
The Gentlemen from Esmeraldas
Lives and Livelihoods:
Caribbean Buccaneers
Reading the Past:
A Swedish Traveler's Description of Quebec

Part 4: The World from 1750 to the Present

22. Atlantic Revolutions and the World 1750-1830
Backstory
The Promise of Enlightenment
A New World of Ideas
Enlightenment and the Old Order
Popular Revolts in an Age of Enlightenment
Revolution in North America
The British Empire and the Colonial Crisis, 1764-1775
The Birth of the United States, 1775-1789
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Empire
From Monarchy to Republic, 1789-1792
War, Terror, and Resistance, 1792-1799
Napoleon's Reign, 1799-1815
Muhammad Ali and the Revolutionary Spirit in Egypt
Revolution Continued in the Western Hemisphere
Revolution in Haiti, 1791-1804
Revolutions in Latin America, 1810-1830
New Ideologies and Revolutionary Legacies
COUNTERPOINT Religious Revival in a Secular Age
Christianity's Great Awakening
Government and Religion Allied

Special Features
Seeing the Past:
Portrait of Catherine the Great
Lives and Livelihoods:
The Cowboy Way of Life
Reading the Past:
Phillip Wheatley, "On Being Brought from Africa to America"

Conclusion | Review

23. Industry and Everyday Life 1750-1900
Backstory
The Industrial Revolution Begins 1750-1830
The Global Roots of Industrialization
Great Britain: A Culture of Experimentation
World Trade and the Rise of Industry
The Technology of Industry
Industrialization After 1830
Industrial Innovation Gathers Speed
Challenges to British Dominance
Industrialization in Japan
Economic Crises and Solutions
The Industrial Revolution and the World
The Slow Disintegration of Qing China
Competition in West and South Asia
A New Course for Africa
Industry and Society
The Changing Middle Class
The New Working Class
The Sexual Division of Labor
The Culture of Industry
Industry and Thought
Industry and the Arts
COUNTERPOINT African Women and Slave Agriculture
Women and Farming in Africa
Women Slaves in the North American South

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Lives and Livelihoods:
Builders of the Trans-Siberian Railroad
Seeing the Past:
Japan's Industrious Society
Reading the Past:
Mexican Women on Strike

24. Nation-States and Their Empires 1830-1900
Backstory
Modernizing Nations
What Is a Nation?
Latin American Nation-Building
The Russian Empire's New Course
A Unified Italy and a United Germany
Expansion and Consolidation of the United States
Dramatic Change in Japan
Building Empires
Imperialism: What Is It?
Takeover in Asia
Europeans Scramble for Africa
Japan's Imperial Agenda
Technology, Environment, and the Imperial Advantage
Societies in an Age of Nations and Empires
Changing Conditions of Everyday Life
Migrants and Diasporas
Migrating Cultures
COUNTERPOINT Outsiders Inside the Nation-State
Racial and Ethnic Difference
Women
The Struggle for Citizens' Rights
Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Reading the Past:
The Russian People Under Serfdom
Lives and Livelihoods:
Indentured Servitude
Seeing the Past:
The Korean Flag

25. Wars, Revolutions, and the Birth of Mass Society 1900-1929
Backstory
Imperial Contests at the Dawn of the Twentieth Century
Clashes for Imperial Control
Growing Resistance to Foreign Domination
From Revolutions and Local Wars to World War
Revolutionaries and Warriors: Mexico, China, and the Balkans
Fighting World War I
Citizens at War: The Home Front
Revolution in Russia and the End of World War I
The Russian Revolution
Ending the War: 1918
Postwar Global Politics
The Paris Peace Conference, 1919-1920
Struggles for Reform and Independence
Colonial Protest and Imperial Expansion
An Age of the Masses
Mass Society
Culture for the Masses
Mobilizing the Masses
COUNTERPOINT A Golden Age for Argentineans
A Flourishing Economy and Society
Golden-Age Culture
Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Seeing the Past:
Wartime Propaganda
Reading the Past:
Léopold Sédar Senghor, To the Senegalese Soldiers Who Died for France
Lives and Livelihoods:
The Film Industry

26. Global Catastrophe: The Great Depression and World War II 1929-1945
Backstory
1929: The Great Depression Begins
Economic Disaster Strikes
Social Effects of the Great Depression
Protesting Poverty

Militarizing the Masses in the 1930s
The Rise of Stalin
Japanese Expansionism
Hitler's Rise to Power
Democracies Mobilize
Global War 1937-1945
Europe's Road to War
The Early Years of the War, 1937-1943
War and the World's Civilians
From Allied Victory to the Cold War 1943-1945
The Axis Defeated
Postwar Plans and Uncertainties
COUNTERPOINT Nonviolence and Pacifism in an Age of War
Traditional Tactics: The Example of Nigerian Women
Gandhi and Civil Disobedience

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Reading the Past:
"Comfort Women" in World War II
Lives and Livelihoods:
Soldiers and Soldiering
Seeing the Past:
Technological Warfare: Civilization or Barbarism?

27. The Emergence of New Nations in a Cold War World 1945-1970
Backstory
World Politics and the Cold War
The New Superpowers
The Cold War Unfolds 1945-1962
The People's Republic of China 1949
Proxy Wars and Cold War Alliances
Decolonization and the Birth of Nations
The End of Empire in Asia
The Struggle for Independence in the Middle East
New Nations in Africa
World Recovery in the 1950s and 1960s
Advances in Technology and Science
The Space Age
A New Science Revolution
Expanding Economic Prosperity
Building and Rebuilding Communism
Cultural Dynamism amid Cold War
Confronting the Heritage of World War
Cold War Culture
Liberation Culture
COUNTERPOINT The Bandung Conference 1955
Shared Goals
Divisive Issues

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Lives and Livelihoods:
Cosmonauts and Astronauts
Seeing the Past:
African Liberation on Cloth
Reading the Past:
The Great Leap Forward in China

28. A New Global Age 1989 to the Present
Backstory
Ending the Cold War Order
A Change of Course in the West
The Collapse of Communism in the Soviet Bloc
Regions and Nations in a Globalizing World
North Versus South
Advancing Nations in the Global Age
The Pacific Century?
Global Livelihoods and Institutions
Global Networks and Changing Jobs
Beyond the Nation-State
Global Culture
The Promises and Peril of Globalization
Environmental Challenges
Population Pressures and Public Health
Worldwide Migration
Terrorism Confronts the World
Global Economic Crisis and the Rise of Authoritarian Politicians
COUNTERPOINT Defending Local Identity in a Globalizing World
Ethnic Strife and Political Splintering
Movements to Protect Tradition

Conclusion | Review

Special Features
Reading the Past:
Testimony to South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Seeing the Past:
The Globalization of Urban Space
Lives and Livelihoods:
Readers of the Qur'an

Notes
Bibliography
Art Credits
Text Credits
Index