The World Religions Reader

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ISBN: 9780415247498 | 0415247497
Cover: Nonspecific Binding
Copyright: 1/25/2001

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The World Religions Readergathers together material on six of the world's most influential faiths. The selection of readings is drawn from a broad range of historical and contemporary sources, giving a full picture of the beliefs and practices of each religion. This new edition includes introductions to each religious tradition, and extensively revised section on Hinduism and a completely new selection of readings on Buddhism.

Introduction to the Second Edition

xix

Preface

xxi

Acknowledgements

xxiii

PART ONE: JUDAISM

Introduction

(1)

Passages from the Jewish Bible

Torah: The Five Books of Moses

(5)

God's covenant with the Jews (Exodus 6:2--8)

(1)

God's encounter with Moses on the mountain (Exodus 19)

(2)

The Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:1--18)

(1)

God's law: its extension (Leviticus 19)

(2)

Hear, O Israel (Deuteronomy 6:1--9)

(1)

The Prophets

(8)

Prophetic words of judgement (Isaiah 1:1--20)

(2)

Prophetic words of promise (Isaiah 40:1--11)

(1)

The Jewish people: God's servant (Isaiah 42:1--9)

(1)

The treachery of God's servant (Hosea 13)

(1)

God's promise of forgiveness (Hosea 14)

(1)

God's choice of the Jews carries justice with it (Amos 3:1--8)

(1)

God will establish his rule (Micah 4:1--8)

(1)

The Writings

(6)

God's majesty and humanity's great vocation (Psalm 8)

(1)

God demands righteousness of his people (Psalm 15)

(1)

God's providential care (Psalm 23)

(1)

Psalm of thanksgiving to God (Psalm 103)

(1)

Psalm of praise to God (Psalm 150)

(1)

True wisdom (Job 28)

(3)

From the Rabbinic Tradition

The Sanhedrin from the Mishnah

(1)

Laws of prayer from the Shulkhan Arukh

(1)

Laws concerning the Seven Days of Mourning

(1)

Readings from The Authorised Daily Prayer Book

(3)

Ethics of the Fathers

(2)

Morning Service: from the Mishnah. Peah, ch. i

(1)

Morning Service: Three Prayers

(1)

Prayer from Service of the Heart

(1)

Kol Nidre Prayer

(2)

Leo Baeck

Different Voices from the Past

Hasidic: Sayings of the Bratzlaver

(1)

Jewish poets of Spain

(3)

All glory to his name

(1)

Before I was born

(1)

Lament on the Devastation of the Land of Israel

(2)

Maimonides

(4)

On Charity

(1)

On Free Will

(1)

To Obadiah the Proselyte

(2)

Judaism as a `revealed legislation'

(4)

Moses Mendelssohn

The rock of Judaism

(5)

S. R. Hirsch

The Holocaust and Post-Holocaust Theology

Yossel Rakover's appeal to God

(2)

Z. Kolitz

The concept of man after Auschwitz

(1)

J. Bemporad

Survival and memory

(2)

Itka Frajman Zygmuntowicz

Sara Horowitz

Judaism and Israel

The redemption of Israel

(1)

Z. H. Kallischer

Muslims, Jews, and the Western world -- A Jewish view

(3)

Richard L. Rubenstein

The current role of Halakhah

(3)

David Novak

Torah and Covenant: Recent and Contemporary Voices

The concept of Torah

(1)

H. N. Bialik

The people and the Book

(1)

Leo Baeck

The Pharisaic movement

(1)

Leo Baeck

The law is not a burden

(1)

S. Schechter

A priest-people

(1)

K. Kohler

The chosen people

(4)

Louis Jacobs

Reclaiming the covenant: A Jewish feminist's search for meaning

(1)

Ellen M. Umansky

Domestic observances

(6)

Shlomo Deshen

PART TWO: CHRISTIANITY

Introduction

(1)

Passages from the Christian Bible

Creation and the original condition of humanity according to the Old Testament

(2)

Genesis 1:26--8

(1)

Genesis 2:7--9, 15--17

(1)

Genesis 3:1--7, 14--19, 22--4

(1)

The Kingdom of God

(1)

Daniel 2:44

(1)

Daniel 4:3

(1)

Matthew 6:10

(1)

Mark 1:14--15

(1)

Mark 9:47

(1)

Luke 11:20

(1)

Luke 13:18--19

(1)

Luke 17:20--1

(1)

John 3:3

(1)

The Sermon on the Mount -- Matthew 5--7

(4)

The Resurrection

(5)

Matthew 28

(1)

Luke 24:13--53

(1)

John 20:11--29

(1)

John 21:1--14

(1)

I Corinthians 15:3--8

(1)

I Corinthians 15:35--57

(1)

Philippians 2:5--11

(1)

The work of Christ

(1)

Romans 5:1--10

(1)

Hebrews 9:24--8

(1)

Baptism

(1)

Matthew 28:18--20

(1)

Mark 10:13--14

(1)

Acts 2:37--8

(1)

I Corinthians 1:13--16

(1)

Galatians 3:26--7

(1)

The Church Fathers

Origen on the baptism of infants

(1)

St Ignatius on the ministry and sacraments

(1)

St Irenaeus on tradition and succession

(1)

The Churches: Their Life and Faith

The `Nicene' or Constantinopolitan Creed (325 CE)

(1)

The Athanasian Creed

(1)

A declaration of the Second Vatican Council (1964)

(1)

Anglican attitudes to the creeds (1976)

(2)

Hymns

(3)

For Christ's saving death upon the cross

(1)

To pay the price of sin

100

(1)

Love so amazing

100

(1)

For Christ's Resurrection

101

(1)

A joint declaration by the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of Rome, 1989

102

(1)

The Primacy of the Bishop of Rome from a homily by Pope John Paul II, 1989

103

(2)

Confessions of faith: the St Hilda community

105

(1)

On abortion from Evangelium Vitae

106

(1)

Women's Voices and Feminist Theology

God as Mother and Father

107

(1)

The Intifada, nonviolence and the Bible

108

(2)

Jean Zaru

Mary as one of the bases of feminist theology

110

(1)

Theological perspectives of a religious woman today

111

(2)

Sister Mary John Mananzan

Christianity and Social Justice

An attempt at synthesis: solidarity and poverty

113

(2)

Gustavo Gutierrez

The black Messiah and black humanity

115

(4)

Allan Boesak

Reflections on liberation theology

119

(1)

Desmond Tutu

Declaration of the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church, April 1990

120

(3)

A statement in support of Lithuanian independence, Easter eve, 1990

123

(4)

Cardinal Vincentas Sladkevicius

PART THREE: ISLAM

Introduction

127

(1)

From the Qur'an

The Cow (extract)

128

(4)

The Night Journey (extract)

132

(2)

The Believers (extract)

134

(6)

Light (extract)

140

(2)

Ya Sin (extract)

142

(1)

The Mount (extract)

142

(1)

Iron (extract)

143

(3)

The Mustering (extract)

146

(1)

The Land

147

(1)

The Sun

148

(1)

The Night

148

(1)

The Forenoon

149

(1)

The Expanding

149

(1)

The Fig

150

(1)

The Blood-Clot

150

(1)

Power

151

(1)

The Clear Sign

151

(1)

The Earthquake

151

(1)

The Chargers

152

(1)

The Clatterer

152

(1)

Rivalry

152

(1)

Afternoon

153

(1)

The Backbiter

153

(1)

The Elephant

153

(1)

Koraish

154

(1)

Charity

154

(1)

Abundance

154

(1)

The Unbelievers

154

(1)

Help

155

(1)

Perish

155

(1)

Sincere Religion

155

(1)

Daybreak

155

(1)

Men

155

(2)

The Beautiful Names

From Abu Hamid al-Ghazali

157

(4)

The Great

157

(1)

The Opener

158

(1)

The Forgiving

158

(1)

The One Who Raises to Honour and Abases

159

(1)

The Grand One

160

(1)

Muhyi al-Din Ibn Arabi on the beautiful names

161

(1)

From Edwin Arnold's Pearls of Faith

162

(5)

Pearl of al-Kabir (The Grand One)

162

(1)

Pearl of al-Fattah (The Opener)

163

(4)

Hadith/Sunnah

The living thoughts of the Prophet Muhammad

167

(3)

Law in Islam

On birth control

170

(5)

Al-Ghazali

170

(1)

Maulana Mawdudi

171

(4)

The character of Islamic law

175

(3)

A. al-Azmeh

Muslim Mystics

`The Blemishes of the Soul'

178

(3)

Abu Hamid al-Ghazali

`Poem of the Way'

181

(1)

Ibn al-Farid

Shaikh Abu-l-Abbas al-Alawi

182

(3)

From the newspaper Al-Balagh

183

(1)

Shaikh Abu-l-Abbas al-Alawi remembered by a contemporary

184

(1)

Islam in the Late Twentieth Century

A statement by the Islamic Council of Europe, 1976

185

(5)

Veiled threats

190

(4)

Rana Kabbani

Disaggregating `Islam': four guidelines

194

(7)

Fred Halliday

PART FOUR: HINDUISM

Introduction

201

(1)

Village Hinduism

The concept `Hinduism'

202

(1)

W. Cantwell Smith

The problem of Village Hinduism

203

(17)

U. Sharma

Caste, food and commensality

220

(5)

L. Dumont

Status evaluation in the Hindu caste system

225

(1)

H. N. C. Stevenson

Theodicy and the doctrine of Karma

226

(19)

U. Sharma

Hindu Patterns of Liberation

From the Upanishads

245

(8)

The Isha Upanishad

245

(2)

The Chandogya Upanishad

247

(6)

From the Bhagavad Gita

253

(31)

From the Laws of Manu: duties of husband and wife

284

(3)

The Modern Period

The meaning of moksha in contemporary Hindu thought and life

287

(7)

K. Sivaraman

The unity of religions

294

(3)

Each religion as a path to God

294

(2)

Sri Ramakrishna

Hinduism -- The mother of religions

296

(1)

Swami Vivekananda

A modern interpretation of Advaita

297

(1)

Swami Vivekananda

The coming of a spiritual age: Sri Aurobindo and Auroville

298

(6)

Integral perfection

298

(2)

Sri Aurobindo

Man a transitional being

300

(2)

Sri Aurobindo

A dream

302

(1)

The Mother [of the Sri Aurobindo Ashram]

To be a true Aurovillian

303

(1)

The Mother [of the Sri Aurobindo Ashram]

No religion

304

(1)

The Mother [of the Sri Aurobindo Ashram]

M. K. Gandhi's Experiments with Truth

304

(12)

Experiments with Truth

304

(2)

Gandhi's mission

306

(1)

Gandhism

306

(1)

On the Gita

307

(1)

Ashram vows

308

(6)

Sanatana Dharma

314

(2)

`Hindu-ness'

316

(1)

V. D. Savarkar

A modern Hindu philosopher's understanding of caste

317

(3)

S. Radhakrishnan

New wine, old skins: The Sangh Parivar and the transformation of `Hinduism'

320

(11)

James G. Lochtefeld

PART FIVE: BUDDHISM

Introduction

331

(1)

From the Suttas (discourses) and Vinaya (discipline) of the Theravada Tradition

The Buddha

332

(10)

The great renunciation

332

(1)

The Buddha's enlightenment

333

(2)

The Buddha hesitates to preach the profound Dhamma

335

(2)

From the Buddha's last days

337

(3)

The Buddha in a previous life

340

(2)

The Dhamma

342

(11)

The Four-Noble Truths

342

(2)

The senses are burning

344

(1)

Questions unconnected with the goal

345

(2)

Testing the teachings

347

(2)

A teaching about Nirvana (Nibbana)

349

(1)

King Milinda's questions

350

(2)

Extracts from the Dhammapada

352

(1)

The Sangha

353

(6)

Control of admission to the monastic Sangha

353

(1)

Training precepts for novices

354

(1)

The monastic rules entailing defeat

355

(1)

The founding of the nuns order and the eight important rules

355

(4)

From the Mahayana Texts

The Mahayana

359

(15)

The Bodhisattva vows

359

(2)

The six perfections of a Bodhisattva

361

(3)

The qualities of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara

364

(2)

The illusion of self-hood

366

(1)

Praise of the Awakening Mind

366

(2)

The Dragon Princess

368

(2)

From the Shorter Pure Land Sutra (Sukhavativyuha)

370

(3)

The benefits of the Lotus Sutra

373

(1)

Mahayana Philosophy

374

(13)

The Heart Sutra from the Perfection of Wisdom (Prajnaparamita) Texts

374

(2)

The meaning of `empty' in Madhyamaka philosophy

376

(2)

A Yogacara treatise

378

(5)

The Tathagata-garbha doctrine

383

(1)

Nine examples which illustrate how the Buddha Nature is obscured

384

(3)

Buddhist Practices

Theravada Sources

387

(5)

Anapanasati meditation -- `mindfulness of breathing'

387

(1)

Two parrita chants

388

(2)

Vinaya rules on food

390

(1)

From the Therigatha, the elder nuns' verses

391

(1)

Promoting the Dharma -- Ashoka's Rock Edict IV

391

(1)

Mahayana Sources

392

(5)

Chinese sources relating to Ch'an Buddhism

392

(1)

Japanese sources relating to Zen Buddhism

393

(1)

Militant Buddhism: the determination of Nichiren

394

(3)

Vajrayana Sources

397

(8)

Meeting Spiritual Friends

397

(2)

Searching for reincarnated Lamas

399

(3)

An Avalokiteshvara tantric liturgy: For All Beings Throughout Space

402

(2)

Tantric `weather' practices

404

(1)

Recent and Contemporary Buddhist Concerns

The benefits of Nichiren's teaching

405

(2)

Josei Toda

Zen hardship versus `instant enlightenment'

407

(1)

Z. Shibayama

Western clothes for Zen Buddhism?

408

(1)

C. Humphreys

Helping others

409

(3)

T. Deshimaru

Buddhist grass-roots activism

412

(5)

K. Jones

Sarvodaya: self-help in Sri Lanka

417

(3)

A. T. Ariyaratne

See the suffering

420

(2)

Thich Nhat Hanh

Sake, ancestors and meditation: A visit to a Zen temple

422

(5)

Ian Reader

PART SIX: SIKHISM

Introduction

427

(1)

Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh

A selection of the hymns of Guru Nanak

428

(18)

Japji

428

(8)

Sohila Arti

436

(10)

From the Dasam Granth of Guru Gobind Singh

446

(5)

The Jap: By the Grace of the Eternal One, the True Guru

446

(1)

In praise of the Eternal One (Akal Ustat)

447

(4)

The Sikh Tradition

Sikhism

451

(8)

H. McLeod

The Code of Sikh Conduct and Conventions: from Sikh Rahit Maryada

459

(6)

Khalistan and Sikh Identity

`We are not Hindus'

465

(2)

Kahn Singh Nabha

Characteristics of Sikh Fundamentalism

467

(3)

T. N. Madan

What is and what is not anti-Sikh

470

(1)

Khushwant Singh

Sikhism and politics

471

(2)

Bhai Sahib Sirdar Kapur Singh

The status and position of the Golden Temple

473

(2)

Kapur Singh

A Sikh Woman of the Nineties

Sikhism, love, Amrit

475

(4)

Index

479

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The World Religions Reader

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Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials