Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health

, by Fjeld, Robert A.; Eisenberg, Norman A.; Compton, Keith L.

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ISBN: 9780471722434 | 047172243X
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 1/29/2007

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Decisions that impact human health are made all the time. Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health provides complete, but compact, technical instructions on how to ideally perform a risk assessment and how risk assessments are used alongside risk analysis to determine the potential adverse effects of chemical and radioactive contaminants to human health.

Preface	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
Risk Analysis	p. 2
Risk	p. 4
Contaminants in the Environment	p. 8
Uses of Environmental Risk Assessment	p. 10
Risk Assessment Process	p. 13
References	p. 19
Additional Reading	p. 21
Problems	p. 21
Fundamental Aspects of Environmental Modeling	p. 23
Introduction	p. 23
Modeling Process	p. 23
Physical and Mathematical Basis for Risk Assessment Models	p. 29
Contaminant Transport Equation	p. 44
References	p. 55
Problems	p. 55
Release Assessment	p. 60
Introduction	p. 60
Conceptual Model	p. 60
Contaminant Identification	p. 62
Emission-Rate Quantification	p. 66
References	p. 78
Additional Reading	p. 78
Problems	p. 78
Environmental Transport Theory	p. 81
Introduction	p. 81
One-Dimensional Solutions of the Contaminant Transport Equation	p. 83
Three-Dimensional Contaminant Transport	p. 96
Advanced Solution Methods	p. 97
References	p. 100
Additional Reading	p. 100
Problems	p. 101
Surface Water Transport	p. 104
Introduction	p. 104
Types of Surface Water Bodies	p. 106
Sorption	p. 109
Transport Modeling	p. 116
References	p. 123
Additional Reading	p. 124
Problems	p. 124
Groundwater Transport	p. 127
Introduction	p. 127
Subsurface Characterization	p. 129
Saturated Flow in Porous Media	p. 130
Sorption	p. 137
Subsurface Contaminant Transport Modeling	p. 139
Other Considerations in Groundwater Transport	p. 148
References	p. 152
Additional Reading	p. 153
Problems	p. 153
Atmospheric Transport	p. 156
Introduction	p. 156
Atmospheric Dispersion	p. 156
Atmospheric Transport Models	p. 161
Other Considerations	p. 172
References	p. 178
Additional Reading	p. 179
Problems	p. 179
Food Chain Transport	p. 183
Introduction	p. 183
Concentration in Soil	p. 186
Concentration in Vegetation	p. 190
Concentration in Animals	p. 195
References	p. 197
Problems	p. 197
Exposure Assessment	p. 199
Introduction	p. 199
Dose	p. 200
Contaminant Intake	p. 204
Dose Calculations	p. 209
References	p. 216
Problems	p. 217
Basic Human Toxicology	p. 219
Introduction	p. 219
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology	p. 220
Mechanisms and Effects of Toxicity	p. 237
References	p. 242
Additional Reading	p. 244
Problems	p. 244
Dose-Response and Risk Characterization	p. 245
Introduction	p. 245
Biological Basis of Dose-Response Modeling	p. 245
Elements of Quantitative Dose-Response Analysis	p. 247
Dose-Response Modeling	p. 261
Risk Characterization	p. 267
Regulatory Implementation	p. 270
References	p. 277
Additional Reading	p. 279
Problems	p. 279
Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analyses	p. 283
Introduction	p. 283
Types and Sources of Uncertainty	p. 283
Statistical Fundamentals	p. 289
Uncertainty Propagation	p. 298
References	p. 311
Problems	p. 314
Stakeholder Involvement and Risk Communication	p. 316
Introduction	p. 316
Stakeholder Involvement	p. 317
Risk Communication	p. 325
References	p. 332
Problems	p. 335
Environmental Risk Management	p. 336
Introduction	p. 336
Risk Management Process	p. 336
Risk Management Methods	p. 337
References	p. 354
Problems	p. 355
Environmental Laws and Regulations	p. 356
Introduction	p. 356
General Legal and Regulatory Structure for Environmental Protection	p. 356
Major Federal Environmental Laws and Regulations	p. 357
CERCLA Process	p. 367
Additional Regulations	p. 372
References	p. 373
Problems	p. 374
Mathematical Tools	p. 375
Special Functions	p. 375
Laplace Transforms	p. 376
References	p. 380
Additional Reading	p. 380
Degradation and Decay Parameters	p. 381
Index	p. 383
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Quantitative Environmental Risk Analysis for Human Health

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