Special Tests of the Cardiopulmonary, Vascular, and Gastrointestinal Systems

Organized in a user-friendly format,Special Tests of the Cardiopulmonary, Vascular, and Gastrointestinal Systemsprovides a unique, compact, and concise summary of over 95 special tests and exam procedures.Drs. Dennis Ors"Connell, Janelle Ors"Connell, and Martha Hinman have organizedSpecial Tests of the Cardiopulmonary, Vascular, and Gastrointestinal Systemsby the different systems and describe each special test in terms of clinician action, normal findings, positive findings, special considerations, and references. Each major body region covered also includes a brief section on its history.Features: bull; Includes over 95 different tests and exam procedures such as Respiratory Rate Rhythm, Carotid Artery Auscultation, Ankle-Brachial Index Test, Palpation of Abdominal Organs and Aorta, Two-and Six-Minute Walk Tests, the Talk Test, and Non-Exercise VO2max Tests bull; Over 125 photographs and illustrations, including "how-to" photographs. bull; Specific references based upon the latest evidence available. bull; Includes 6 appendices covering topics such as Maximal Aerobic Power, Treadmill Calibration, and Astrand-Rhyming Nomogram. bull; User-friendly, spiral, lay-flat binding.In addition to the special tests categories, a submaximal exercise evaluation section has been added for clinicians who believe exercise is an excellent preventive and rehabilitative tool but who may be unfamiliar with the topic.Special Tests of the Cardiopulmonary, Vascular, and Gastrointestinal Systemsis a must-have resource for students and clinicians in physical therapy, athletic training, and occupational therapy looking to recall the specifics of a particular test or learning it for the first time.Also serves as a great companion to the popular texts, Special Tests for Orthopedic Examination, Third Edition and Special Tests for Neurologic Examination.

Dennis G. O’Connell, PT, PhD, CSCS, FACSM is a founding member of Hardin-Simmons University Department of Physical Therapy. He serves as a professor and the Shelton-Lacewell Endowed Chair. He is an adjunct professor at the Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions in Provo, Utah.    

Dr. O’Connell received his Bachelor of Science in Physical Education from Manhattan College, his Master of Arts and PhD in Exercise Physiology from Kent State University and the University of Toledo, respectively. He obtained a second Bachelor of Science degree in Physical Therapy from The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.   

Dr. O’Connell has 30 years of experience as an exercise physiologist and 15 years as a physical therapist. His clinical experience has centered on patients with cardiac, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal disorders, and ergonomic issues. In addition to providing pro bono services on-campus, he and his wife, Janelle, created HSU PT Ministries and have served with their students in Guatemala, Mexico, and Abilene, TX.   

Janelle K. O’Connell, PT, PhD, DPT, ATC, LAT is a founding member of Hardin-Simmons University Department of Physical Therapy where she currently serves as professor and department head.   Dr. O’Connell received her Bachelor of Science in Education from Central Michigan University, her Master of Arts in Exercise Physiology from Kent State University, and her PhD in Health Promotion from the University of Toledo. She has earned an entry-level MPT and a DPT from Hardin-Simmons University.    
Dr. O’Connell has 14 years of experience as a physical therapist and has been an athletic trainer for 31 years. As an athletic trainer, Dr. O’Connell has worked in high school and collegiate sports and in athletic training education. She is a Certified Exercise Expert for Aging Adults and enjoys working with the elderly.    

Martha R. Hinman, PT, EdD, CEEAA is a professor in the Hardin-Simmons University Department of Physical Therapy and an adjunct professor at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the University of Indianapolis. Dr. Hinman received her Bachelor of Science in Physical Therapy and her Master of Health Education from the Medical College of Georgia and earned her EdD in Allied Health Education and Administration at the University of Houston.    

Dr. Hinman's 34 years of experience as a physical therapist have focused in the areas of wound care, orthopedics, and geriatric wellness. She is a Certified Exercise Expert for Aging Adults and has expertise in the assessment of fall and fracture risk in the elderly. Dr. Hinman has been involved in physical therapy education for 30 years and has served as an educational consultant and accreditation reviewer for numerous physical therapy programs across the United States.

 

DedicationAcknowledgmentsAbout the AuthorsPrefaceForeword by Donald K. Shaw, PT, PhD, FAACVPRIntroduction Section One: Examination of the Cardiovascular SystemCardiovascular Disease Risk FactorsHeart Rate—Resting (Adults)Heart Rate—Resting (Infants-Adolescents)PulsesBlood Pressure MeasurementPulse PressureRate-Pressure Product or Double ProductAcute Chest Pain—Cardiac OriginAngina Pain Rating ScaleOther Sources of Chest PainCardiac Inspection and PalpationAuscultationJugular Venous Distension Section Two: Examination of the Pulmonary SystemRespiratory HistoryInspection of the ThoraxPulmonary AnatomyRespiratory RateRespiratory RhythmRespiratory Depth and Symmetry of MovementThoracic Depth, Width, and DiameterThoracic Excursion Measurement via CircumferencePalpation of Tactile FremitusPercussionDiaphragmatic ExcursionAuscultation Technique and Normal SoundsAuscultation of Transmitted Voice SoundsOxygen SaturationChest DisordersDyspnea With Activities of Daily LivingDyspnea at RestDyspnea During Activity Section Three: Examination of the AbdomenInspectionAuscultation of the Abdominal VasculaturePercussion of the AbdomenLight Palpation of the AbdomenDeep Palpation of the AbdomenDeep Palpation of the Abdomen—Bimanual Technique for the LiverDeep Palpation of the Abdomen—Bimanual Technique for the SpleenDeep Palpation of the Abdomen—Bimanual Technique for the KidneysDeep Palpation of the AortaBlumberg’s Sign (Rebound Tenderness)Murphy’s SignIliopsoas Muscle Test for AppendicitisObturator Muscle Test for AppendicitisAssessment of Diastasis Recti (Done) Section Four: Examination of the Peripheral
Vascular SystemPeripheral Vascular History: Differential Diagnosis for Arterial and Venous DiseasesAssessing the Integumentary System for Skin CancerSkin TurgorSkin TemperatureFigure-of-Eight Methods for Measuring Limb EdemaVolumetric Measures of Limb Edema (Water Displacement Method)Girth Measurements and Estimated Limb Segment VolumeCapillary Refill Time Test (CRTT)Elevation PallorStoop TestTreadmill Time to ClaudicationActive Pedal Plantarflexion (APP) Intermittent Claudication TestAllen’s Test for Hand CirculationVertebral Artery TestRoos Test for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)Homans’ TestWell’s Clinical Prediction Rule for Deep Vein ThrombosisWell’s Clinical Prediction Rule for Pulmonary EmbolismClinical Prediction Rule for Upper Extremity Deep Vein ThrombosisCuff Test for Venous Insufficiency/OcclusionVenous Percussion, Tap, or Cough TestVenous Filling TimePitting EdemaKaposi Stemmer Sign (Edema vs Lymphedema)Auscultation of Carotid Artery Section Five: Submaximal Exercise EvaluationConcepts of Submaximal TestingOxygen Consumption and METsMetabolic Equivalents (METs)Measuring Exercise Heart RatePredicting VO2max From Submaximal Heart Rate DataMax METs Normative DataRisk Stratification for Exercise Testing or PrescriptionGeneral Exercise Test Procedural InformationBruce Treadmill ProtocolExercise Test or Exercise Session TerminationPrediction of VO2max via Nonexercise SurveyDuke Activity Status IndexTwo-Minute Walk TestSix-Minute Walk TestSix-Minute Walk Test on Treadmill for Younger AdultsTimed One-Mile WalkSeated Step Test (SST)Tecumseh Step TestYMCA Step TestAstrand-Rhyming Cycle Ergometer TestYMCA Cycle Ergometer TestSingle-Stage Treadmill TestNaughton Treadmill ProtocolWheelchair TestThe Talk Test (Indirect Assessment of Anaerobic Threshold)Calculating Target Heart Rates AppendicesAppendix A: Maximal Aerobic PowerAppendix B: Monark Cycle Ergometer CalibrationAppendix C: Treadmill CalibrationAppendix D: HR-MET Chart Altug BookAppendix E: YMCA HR-VO2max ChartAppendix F:  Astrand-Rhyming Nomogram Index