Expressing the Self Cultural Diversity and Cognitive Universals

This book addresses different linguistic and philosophical aspects of referring to the self in a wide range of languages from different language families, including Amharic, English, French, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Newari (Sino-Tibetan), Polish, Tariana (Arawak), and Thai. In the domain of speaking about oneself, languages use a myriad of expressions that cut across grammatical and semantic categories, as well as a wide variety of constructions. Languages of Southeast and East Asia famously employ a great number of terms for first person reference to signal honorification. The number and mixed properties of these terms make them debatable candidates for pronounhood, with many grammar-driven classifications opting to classify them with nouns. Some languages make use of egophors or logophors, and many exhibit an interaction between expressing the self and expressing evidentiality qua the epistemic status of information held from the ego perspective.

The volume's focus on expressing the self, however, is not directly motivated by an interest in the grammar or lexicon, but instead stems from philosophical discussions on the special status of thoughts about oneself, known as de se thoughts. It is this interdisciplinary understanding of expressing the self that underlies this volume, comprising philosophy of mind at one end of the spectrum and cross-cultural pragmatics of self-expression at the other. This unprecedented juxtaposition results in a novel method of approaching de se and de se expressions, in which research methods from linguistics and philosophy inform each other. The importance of this interdisciplinary perspective on expressing the self cannot be overemphasized. Crucially, the volume also demonstrates that linguistic research on first-person reference makes a valuable contribution to research on the self tout court, by exploring the ways in which the self is expressed, and thereby adding to the insights gained through philosophy, psychology, and cognitive science.

Minyao Huang is Research Fellow at Sun Yat Sen University. She holds a PhD in Linguistics from the University of Cambridge, where was previously a Research Associate and Bye Fellow of Newnham College.

Kasia M. Jaszczolt (D.Phil. Oxon, PhD Cantab, MAE) is Professor of Linguistics and Philosophy of Language at the University of Cambridge and Professorial Fellow of Newnham College, Cambridge. She has published extensively on various topics in semantics, pragmatics, and philosophy of language. Her authored books include Meaning in Linguistic Interaction (OUP 2016), Representing Time (OUP 2009), Default Semantics (OUP 2005), Semantics and Pragmatics (Longman 2002), and Discourse, Beliefs and Intentions (Elsevier 1999). She is General Editor, with Louis de Saussure, of the OUP series 'Oxford Studies of Time in Language and Thought' and serves on numerous editorial boards. She has written over 90 research articles and edited 12 volumes including The Cambridge Handbook of Pragmatics (CUP 2012).

1. Introduction: The self in language, in thought, and en route in-between, Kasia M. Jaszczolt
Part I: The Self across Languages
2. 'Me', 'us', and 'others': Expressing the self in Arawak languages of South American, with a focus on Tariana, Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald
3. The proper treatment of egophoricity in Kathmandu Newari, Elizabeth Coppock and Stephen Wechsler
4. Self-referring in Korean with reference to Korean first-person markers, Hye-Kyung Lee
5. Expressing the self in Japanese: Indexical expressions in the service of indexical thoughts, Rodanthi Christofaki
6. De se marking, logophoricity, and ziji, Hsiang-Yun Chen
7. Charting the speaker-relatedness of impersonal pronouns: Contrastive evidence from English, French, and Thai, Minyao Huang, Jiranthara Srioutai, and Melanie Greaux
Part II: Self-Awareness and Self-Expression
8. Expressing the selves: Subject splits and viewpoint hierarchies in multiple perspective constructions, Sonja Zeman
9. Referential variability of the generic 'one', Minyao Huang
10. Expressing the self: From types of de se to speech-act types, Kasia M. Jaszczolt and Maciej Witek
Part III: De Se Thoughts and Indexicality
11. The incremental self, John Perry
12. On the essentiality of thoughts (and reference), Eros Corazza
13. Pragmatic indexicals, Kasia M. Jaszczolt