The Rise of the New Woman The Women's

Matthews chronicles the changing fortunes and transformations of the organized suffrage movement, from its dismal period of declining numbers and campaign failures to its final victory in the Nineteenth Amendment that brought women the vote.

Jean V. Matthews is professor emeritus of history at the University of Western Ontario.

Acknowledgments

ix

1 The Woman's Era

3

(33)

The "restlessness" of women.

"Visible" women and the city.

Women on campus.

Organized womanhood.

Varieties of religious experience.

Purifying society-the Women's Christian Temperance Union.

The suffrage movement at end of century.

Women and the Columbian Exposition.

The "woman's era."

2 The New Woman and the New Politics

36

(31)

The "New Woman" as a cultural type.

Education and "race suicide."

The marginality of the professional woman.

White-collar working girls and "bachelor women."

Women as the advance guard of the welfare state.

Motherhood triumphant and dependent.

3 Thinking About the Woman Question

67

(29)

The problem of the universal dominance of men.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Matilda Joslyn Gage challenge the churches and the Bible.

Darwinism and the evolutionary paradigm.

The "reproductive sacrifice" and eugenics.

Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the dysfunctionality of women's domestication.

Olive Schreiner and the specter of "parasitism."

Empirical research and the revival of environmentalism.

The stumbling block of the family.

4 Feminism and the Problem of Sex

96

(30)

Marriage and careers.

The emergence of "feminism."

Sexuality, intimacy, and remodeling relations between the sexes.

New patterns of heterosexual sociability and companionship.

Elsie Clews Parsons and breaking down conventions.

Margaret Sanger and the birth-control movement.

5 War and Victory

126

(32)

The suffrage movement gains momentum.

Harriot Stanton Blatch and the Equality League.

The impact of English militancy and new tactics.

Successful campaigns in California and New York.

The "antis."

Alice Paul and the "Anthony Amendment."

Carrie Chapman Catt and the "Winning Plan."

Racism and sexism.

World War I and suffrage.

Passage of the Nineteenth Amendment.

6 After the Vote

158

(26)

What next?

Initial successes.

Backlash and stalling of the social agenda.

Alice Paul and the ERA.

The meaning of equality.

Postmortems on feminism.

Disillusions.

The post-vote gender settlement.

7 The Fate of the ERA

184

(3)

A Note on Sources

187

(18)

Index

205

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The Rise of the New Woman The Women's Movement in America, 1875-1930

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials