Simulation with Visual SLAM and AweSim

, by Pritsker, A. Alan B.; O'Reilly, Jean J.

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ISBN: 9780471352938 | 0471352934
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 3/19/1999

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This book presents a process for problem resolution, policy crafting, and decision making based on the use of modeling and simulation. Detailed descriptions of the methods by which Visual SLAM and AweSim, version 3, support this process are presented. The text is organized into four parts: Introduction to Simulation, Visual SLAM Network Modeling and AweSim, Simulation Analysis, and Visual SLAM Discrete, Continuous and Combined Modeling.

PART I Introduction to Simulation

Introduction to Modeling and Simulation

(18)

Problem Solving

(1)

Systems

(1)

Models

(1)

Model Building

(1)

Definition of Simulation

(1)

Simulation of a Bank Teller

(4)

Data Collection and Analysis

(6)

Chapter Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

References

(1)

Simulation Modeling Perspectives

(15)

Introduction

(1)

Modeling World Views

(2)

Discrete Simulation Modeling

(5)

Continuous Simulation Modeling

(1)

Combined Discrete-Continuous Models

(2)

Visual SLAM: A Unified Modeling Framework

(2)

Chapter Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

References

(1)

Modeling and Simulation Process

(22)

Introduction

(1)

Formulate Problem

(2)

Specify Model

(2)

Build Model

(7)

Simulate Model

(3)

Use Model

(2)

Support Decision Making

(1)

AweSim with Visual SLAM

(2)

Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

References

(1)

Applications of Simulation

(25)

Introduction

(2)

Performance Measures

(2)

Capital Expenditure Evaluation in the Steel Industry

(1)

Design of a Corn Syrup Refinery

(1)

Risk Analysis of Pipeline Construction

(2)

Evaluating Security Forces at a Sporting Event

(1)

Evaluation of the Manufacture of a Rocket System

(1)

Work Flow Analysis in an Insurance Company

(1)

Public Health Policy Selection

(1)

Evaluation of Air Terminal Cargo Facilities

(1)

Design of Refinery Offsite Systems

(1)

Injection Body FMS Design Evaluation

(2)

Packaging and Manufacturing Animations

(1)

Surgical Suite Planning

(5)

Uses of Models

(1)

Chapter Summary

(1)

Exercises

(1)

References

(2)

PART II Visual SLAM Network Modeling and AweSim

Basic Network Modeling

(81)

Introduction

(2)

A Visual SLAM Network of a Single Server Queueing System

(5)

Visual SLAM Network Modeling

(9)

Introduction to Basic Network Elements

(1)

CREATE Node

(3)

QUEUE Node

102

(4)

TERMINATE Node

106

(1)

Assign Node

107

(3)

Activities

110

(5)

Illustrations

115

(7)

GOON Node

122

(3)

COLCT Node

125

(4)

Introduction to Examples and Control Statements

129

(2)

Example 5-1. Work Stations in Series

131

(7)

Example 5-2. Inspection and Adjustment Stations on a Production Line

138

(7)

Example 5-3. Quarry Operations

145

(5)

SELECT Node

150

(6)

Summary of Symbols and Statements

156

(1)

Exercises

157

(4)

References

161

(1)

Resources and Gates

162

(59)

Introduction

163

(1)

RESOURCE Block

164

(2)

AWAIT Node

166

(4)

FREE Node

170

(2)

Illustrations of the Use of Resources

172

(6)

ALTER Node

178

(2)

Example 6-1. Inventory System with Lost Sales and Backorders

180

(6)

GROUP Block

186

(1)

Example 6-2. Analysis of Agents at an Airport Counter.

187

(6)

PREEMPT Node

193

(3)

Illustration 6-4. Machine Breakdowns

196

(2)

Example 6-3. A Machine Tool with Breakdowns

198

(4)

Example 6-4. Port Operations

202

(7)

GATE Block

209

(1)

OPEN Node

210

(1)

CLOSE Node

210

(1)

Illustration 6-5. Gates to Model Shifts

211

(1)

Example 6-5. Single-Lane Traffic Analysis

212

(4)

Chapter Summary

216

(1)

Exercises

216

(4)

References

220

(1)

Interface, Find and Assembly Modeling

221

(57)

Introduction

222

(1)

READ Node

222

(3)

WRITE Node

225

(4)

EVENT Node

229

(1)

ENTER Node

230

(1)

DETECT Node

230

(3)

FINDAR Node

233

(3)

Example 7-1. Reneging from a Queue

236

(3)

Assembly Modeling

239

(1)

ACCUMULATE Node

240

(2)

Example 7-2. Analysis of a Pert-Type Network

242

(5)

BATCH Node

247

(4)

UNBATCH Node

251

(2)

Illustration 7-2. Batching and Unbatching

253

(3)

ASSEMBLY Queue Selection Rule

256

(2)

Example 7-3. A Truck Hauling Situation

258

(5)

MATCH Node

263

(3)

Illustration 7-3. A Mail Order Clothes Manufacturer

266

(4)

Summary of Symbols and Statements

270

(2)

Exercises

272

(5)

References

277

(1)

Visual Subnetwork Modeling

278

(49)

Introduction

278

(2)

Visual Subnetworks

280

(9)

Example 8-1. Multiple Item Inventory System

289

(7)

Illustrations of Subnetwork Capabilities

296

(5)

Example 8-2. Risk Analysis fo Alternative Scenarios

301

(8)

Illustration 8-5. Generic Hierarchical Modeling

309

(2)

Example 8-3. Jobshop Production

311

(6)

Illustration 8-6. A Manufacturing Cell Model Using a Subnetwork

317

(3)

Illustration 8-7. Alternate Model for a Manufacturing Cell

320

(4)

Chapter Summary

324

(1)

Exercises

325

(1)

References

326

(1)

Awesim Simulation Support System

327

(49)

Introduction

327

(1)

AweSim Overview

328

(5)

Building Networks in AweSim

333

(8)

Building Controls with AweSim

341

(4)

Interactive Execution Environment

345

(2)

Visual SLAM Output Reports

347

(1)

Output Analysis and Presentation

348

(1)

Building Animations with AweSim

349

(6)

The AweSim Database and Its Use

355

(3)

Integration of AweSim with Other Software

358

(2)

Example 9-1. Liver Transplantation Policy Evaluation

360

(9)

Illustrations of AweSim Interfaces

369

(4)

Chapter Summary

373

(1)

Exercises

374

(1)

References

375

(1)

PART III Simulation Analysis: Practice and Theory

Awesim Analysis of Simulation Outputs

376

(39)

Introduction

377

(1)

Use of Model Specific Data

377

(7)

Selecting the Best Scenario

384

(2)

Scenario Selector

386

(6)

Example 10-1. Selecting the Best Scenario for an Inventory System

392

(3)

Example 10-2. Analyzing Initial Conditions and Clear Times

395

(6)

Example 10-3. Comparing Design Projects

401

(3)

Scenario Optimization

404

(2)

Scenario Seeker

406

(1)

Use of Scenario Seeker

407

(3)

Chapter Summary

410

(1)

Exercises

410

(1)

References

411

(4)

Random Sampling from Distributions

415

(30)

Introduction

416

(1)

Distributions

416

(11)

Using Distributions to Represent Data

427

(1)

Procedures for Generating Random Samples

428

(10)

Generating Pseudorandom Numbers

438

(2)

Tests for Randomness

440

(1)

Chapter Summary

441

(1)

Exercises

442

(1)

References

443

(2)

Statistical Aspects of Simulation

445

(46)

Statistical Questions Facing Simulators

446

(3)

Importance of the Variance of the Sample Mean, Var [X1]

449

(5)

Procedures for Estimating Var[X1]

454

(10)

Variance Reduction Techniques

464

(8)

Start-Up Policies

472

(3)

Stopping Rules

475

(3)

Statistical Inference

478

(2)

Design of Experiments

480

(3)

Chapter Summary

483

(1)

Exercises

483

(3)

References

486

(5)

PART IV Visual SLAM Discrete Event, Continuous and Combined Modeling

Network Modeling with Visual Basic Inserts

491

(51)

Introduction

492

(2)

Function EVENT

494

(3)

ENTER Function

497

(1)

File Manipulations

498

(2)

User Function USERF

500

(3)

Example 13-1. Drive-In Bank with Jockeying

503

(6)

Sampling from Probability Distributions

509

(1)

User-Written Initialization and Post-Run Processing Routines: Functions INTLC and OTPUT

510

(1)

Changing the Status of a Resource

511

(1)

User Written Resource Allocation Procedures: Functions Alloc and Seize

512

(6)

Changing The Status of a Gate

518

(1)

User-Written SELECT Node Functions

519

(7)

Saving Batched Attributes: BATCHSAVE

526

(1)

Stopping an Activity: STOPA(Code as Integer) as Integer

526

(1)

Example 13-2. Psychiatric Ward

527

(7)

Chapter Summary

534

(1)

Exercises

535

(6)

References

541

(1)

Network Modeling with C Inserts

542

(48)

Introduction

543

(1)

Function EVENT

544

(4)

ENTER Function

548

(1)

File Manipulations

549

(2)

User Function USERF

551

(2)

Example 13-1. Drive-In Bank with Jockeying

553

(7)

Sampling from Probability Distributions

560

(3)

User-Written Initialization and Post-Run Processing Routines: Functions INTLC and OTPUT

563

(1)

Changing the Status of a Resource

563

(2)

User-Written Resource Allocation Procedures: Functions ALLOC and SEIZE

565

(6)

Changing the Status of a Gate

571

(2)

User-Written Select Node Functions

573

(7)

Saving Batched Attributes, Batchsave

580

(1)

Stopping an Activity: Function Stopa

580

(1)

Example 13-2. Psychiatric Ward

581

(8)

Chapter Summary

589

(1)

Exercises

589

(1)

References

589

(1)

Network Modeling with Continuous Variables

590

(38)

Introduction

590

(1)

State Variables

591

(2)

Coding Function STATE

593

(2)

CONTINUOUS Input Statement

595

(2)

State Events

597

(2)

DETECT Node

599

(3)

Example 10-1. Tanker-Refinery Operations

602

(10)

Example 10-2. A Chemical Reaction Process

612

(12)

Chapter Summary

624

(1)

Exercises

625

(2)

References

627

(1)

Discrete Event Simulation Using Visual Basic

628

(52)

Introduction

629

(1)

Discrete Event Orientation

629

(8)

The Discrete Event Framework of Visual SLAM

637

(3)

Scheduling Events

640

(3)

File Manipulations

643

(4)

Statistics Collection

647

(3)

Variables

650

(1)

Input Statements

651

(1)

Output Reports

651

(3)

Building Discrete Event Models

654

(1)

Illustration 15-1. Serving Bank Customers

654

(4)

Example 15-1. A Discount Store Operation

658

(9)

Advanced Discrete Event Concepts

667

(6)

Chapter Summary

673

(5)

Exercises

678

(2)

References

680

(1)

Discrete Event Simulation Using C Functions

680

(48)

Introduction

681

(1)

Discrete Event Orientation

681

(8)

The Discrete Event Framework of Visual SLAM

689

(4)

Scheduling Events

693

(1)

File Manipulations

694

(4)

Statistics Collection

698

(4)

Variables

702

(1)

Input Statements

702

(1)

Output Reports

703

(2)

Building Discrete Event Models

705

(1)

Illustration 15-1. Serving Bank Customers

706

(3)

Example 15-1. A Discount Store Operation

709

(10)

Advanced Discrete Event Concepts

719

(4)

Chapter Summary

723

(4)

Exercises

727

(1)

References

727

(1)

Continuous Modeling

728

(53)

Introduction

728

(1)

Visual Slam Organization for Continuous Modeling

729

(3)

Executive Function for Continuous Simulation Models

732

(1)

Illustration 16-1. Cedar Bog Lake

732

(4)

Collecting Time-Persistent Statistics on State Variables

736

(1)

The SEVNT Input Statement

736

(2)

Simultaneous State Events

738

(1)

Modeling Using State Variables

739

(2)

Modeling Using Derivatives of State Variables

741

(1)

Numerical Integration in Visual SLAM

742

(3)

Time Advance Procedures

745

(2)

Example 16-1. Pilot Ejection

747

(12)

Example 16-2. World Dynamics

759

(17)

Chapter Summary

776

(1)

Exercises

776

(4)

References

780

(1)

Combined Modeling

781

(35)

Introduction

781

(1)

Visual SLAM Interfaces

782

(1)

Using Alternative Modeling Viewpoints

783

(1)

Visual SLAM Processing Logic for Combined Models

783

(3)

Example 17-1. Soaking Pit Furnace

786

(12)

Example 17-2. A Continuous Flow Conveyor

798

(14)

Chapter Summary

812

(1)

Exercises

813

(2)

References

815

(1)

Indexes

816

(1)

Author Index

816

(4)

Subject Index

820

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Simulation with Visual SLAM and AweSim

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials