Physical Ultrasonics of Composites

Physical Ultrasonics of Composites is a rigorous introduction to the characterization of composite materials by means of ultrasonic waves. Composites are treated here not simply as uniform media, but as inhomogeneous layered anisotropic media with internal structure characteristic of composite laminates. The objective here is to concentrate on exposing the singular behavior of ultrasonic waves as they interact with layered, anisotropic materials, materials which incorporate those structural elements typical of composite laminates. This book provides a synergistic description of both modeling and experimental methods in addressing wave propagation phenomena and composite property measurements. After a brief review of basic composite mechanics, a thorough treatment of ultrasonics in anisotropic media is presented, along with composite characterization methods. The interaction of ultrasonic waves at interfaces of anisotropic materials is discussed, as are guided waves in composite plates and rods. Waves in layered media are developed from the standpoint of the "Stiffness Matrix", a major advance over the conventional, potentially unstable Transfer Matrix approach. Laminated plates are treated both with the stiffness matrix and using Floquet analysis. The important influence on the received electronic signals in ultrasonic materials characterization from transducer geometry and placement are carefully exposed in a dedicated chapter. Ultrasonic wave interactions are especially susceptible to such influences because ultrasonic transducers are seldom more than a dozen or so wavelengths in diameter. The book ends with a chapter devoted to the emerging field of air-coupled ultrasonics. This new technology has come of age with the development of purpose-built transducers and electronics and is finding ever wider applications, particularly in the characterization of composite laminates.

Stanislav I. Rokhlin is a Professor in the Department of Material Science and Engineering at The Ohio State University.

Dale E. Chimenti is a Professor in Aerospace Engineering at Iowa State University and Senior Scientist in the Center for Nondestructive Evaluation.

Peter B. Nagy is the Herman Schneider Professor of Aerospace Engineering at the University of Cincinnati and a Visiting Professor in the UK Research Centre in Nondestructive Evaluation at Imperial College London.

Contents:
Preface
Introduction
Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Composite Elastic Properties
Chapter 2: Elastic Waves in Anisotropic Media
Chapter 3: Bulk Ultrasonic Techniques for Evaluation of Elastic Properties
Chapter 4: Reflection and Refraction of Waves at a Planar Composite Interface
Chapter 5: Guided Waves in Plates and Rods
Chapter 6: Elastic Waves in Multi-layer Composites
Chapter 7: Waves in Periodically Layered Composites
Chapter 8: Measurement of Scattering Coefficients
Chapter 9: Air-Coupled Ultrasonics