Time-Predictable Architectures

Building computers that can be used to design embedded real-time systems is the subject of this title. Real-time embedded software requires increasingly higher performances. The authors therefore consider processors that implement advanced mechanisms such as pipelining, out-of-order execution, branch prediction, cache memories, multi-threading, multicorearchitectures, etc. The authors of this book investigate the timepredictability of such schemes.

Christine Rochange is Associate professor at Université Paul Sabatier (IRIT), Toulouse, France.

Pascal Sainrat, Université Paul Sabatier, (IRIT), Toulouse, France.

Sascha Uhrig, University of Dortmund, Germany.

1 Introduction

1.1 Real-time systems

1.1.1 Soft vs. hard real-time systems

1.1.2 Critical systems

1.2 Time predictability

2 Timing analysis of Real-Time Systems

2.1 Task-level analysis

2.1.1 Static WCET analysis

2.1.2 Measurement-based analysis

2.2 System-level analysis

2.3 Task scheduling

3 Modern processors

3.1 Pipelining

3.2 Multithreading

3.3 Branch prediction

4 Memory hierarchy

4.1 Caches

4.2 Memories

5 Multicores

5.1 Impact of resource sharing on time predictability

5.1.1 Temporal sharing

5.1.2 Spatial sharing

5.2 Timing analysis for multicores

5.3 Time-predictable architectures

6 Conclusion

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