Tobacco Science, policy and public health

Rev. ed. of: Tobacco and public health: science and policy. 2004.

Nigel Gray graduated in Medicine in 1953 in Melbourne, Australia, and specialized in infectious disease and paediatrics until 1968 when he was appointed Director of the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria. From 1974 to 1990 he chaired the Tobacco Program of the International Union Against Cancer (UICC). In 1987 he was the principal architect of the Victorian Tobacco Act, which provided for the first hypothecated tobacco tax, which was directed to the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation. Since 1995 he has worked internationally on Tobacco control, for eight years at the European Institute for Oncology in Milan and then at the International Agency for Research on cancer (IARC). During this time he has lectured extensively on the international scene with a particular interest in Tobacco Control policy and most recently on regulation of constituents and emissions of tobacco, both smoked and smokeless. He is currently a member of the WHO Study Group on Tobacco Regulation. Dr. Jack E. Henningfield is a scientist trained in behavioural, pharmacological, and neurosciences, specializing in addictive drugs. He received his doctorate from the Psychopharmacology Training Program of the University of Minnesota in 1977. His research has spanned addictive drugs including alcohol, barbiturates, cocaine, marijuana, morphine and nicotine, including extensive research and applied work in the assessment and control of prescription drug abuse. Dr. Henningfield has been on faculty at The Johns Hopkins Medical School since 1978 and is affiliated as well with The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. His current professional activities at the health policy consulting group, Pinney Associates in Bethesda, Maryland, focuses on the intersection of science, public health, and policy, as related to tobacco, prescription drugs, and illicit drugs of abuse. John Seffrin has been CEO of the American Cancer Society since 1992. He is a past president of the Geneva-headquartered International Union Against Cancer, the first globally-oriented cancer non-governmental organization (NGO). He served as chairman of the board of Independent Sector, the largest coalition of nonprofit groups, and he helped to create the National Center for Tobacco-Free Kids (now the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids), among his many collaborations and affiliations. In 1999, Dr. Seffrin was selected to be a charter member of C-Change (formerly known as the National Dialogue on Cancer) Steering Committee. In 1997, he was appointed to the National Cancer Policy Board of the Institute of Medicine, and in 1999, he was appointed by Senator Dianne Feinstein to co-chair the National Cancer Legislation Advisory Committee. He current serves on the Advisory Committee to the Director of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a Secretary-level appointment. Dr Witold Zatonski is a Director and Professor in the Division of Epidemiology & Cancer Prevention Center & Institute of Oncology in Warsaw, Poland. In the last 10 years Professor Zato?ski has been especially actively involved in work on health in Eastern Europe. Together with his team he has just finished challenging comprehensive research project HEM - Closing the Gap, analysing the health gap, and its causes, between eastern and western part of European Union. He has been at the forefront of public health and tobacco control in Poland, Eastern Europe, and internationally for more than 35 years. Though a passionate activist, Dr Zato?ski is also a meticulous researcher, and he has consistently backed his public health campaigns with scientific data. His approach has been effective, and many consider him to be single-handedly responsible for the over 30 percent decline in smoking in Poland over the last 25 years.

Preface, C. Everett Koop
Tobacco: History
1. Evolution of knowledge of the smoking epidemic, Sir Richard Doll
2. The great studies of smoking and disease in the twentieth century, Michael J. Thun and S. J. Henley
3. Dealing with health fears: Cigarette advertising in the United States in the twentieth century, Lynn T. Kozlowski and Richard J. O'Connor
4. Market manipulation: How the tobacco industry recruits and retains smokers, Melanie Wakefield
5. In Their Own Words: An epoch of deceit and deception, Channing Robertson and Richard Hurt
Tobacco: Composition
6. The changing cigarette: chemical studies and bioassays, Ilse Hoffmann and Dieter Hoffmann
7. Tobacco carcinogenesis: Mechanisms and biomarkers, Stephen S. Hecht
Nicotine and addiction
8. Pharmacology of tobacco addiction, Jack E. Henningfield and Neal L. Benowitz
9. Manipulating product design to reinforce tobacco addiction, Geoffrey Ferris Wayne and Carrie M. Carpenter
10. Nicotine dosing characteristics across products, Mirjana V. Djordjevic
Tobacco around the world
11. Tobacco smoking and tobacco-related harm in the European Union with the special attention to the new EU member states, Witold Zatonski, Marta Manczuk
12. The epidemic in India, Prakash C. Gupta and Cecily S. Ray
13. The epidemic in China, Richard Peto, Zheng-ming Chen and Jillian Boreham
14. Tobacco Control in Korea, Jae-Gahb Park, Ji Won Park, Hong-Gwan Seo, Jin Soo Lee, Il Soon Kim, Yong-Ik Kim, Jong-Koo Lee and Dae-Kyu Oh
Tobacco and health. Global burden
15. The hazards of smoking and the benefits of stopping: Cancer mortality and overall mortality, Richard Peto
16. Passive smoking and health, Jonathan M. Samet
17. Adolescent smoking, John P. Pierce, Janet M Distefan and David Hill
18. Tobacco and women, Amanda Amos and Judith Mackay
Tobacco and cancer
19. Cancer of the prostate, Fabio Levi and Carlo La Vecchia
20. Laryngeal cancer, Paolo Boffetta
21. Smoking and cancer of the oesophagus, Eva Negri
22. Tobacco use and cancer of the oral cavity, Tongzhang Zheng
23. Smoking and stomach cancer, David Zaridze
24. Tobacco and colorectal cancer, E. Giovanucci
25. Tobacco and cervical neoplasia, Jack Cuzick, Maribel Almonte and Anne Szarewski
26. Smoking and pancreatic cancer, Patrick Maisonneuve
27. Smoking and lung cancer, Peter Boyle and Graham Giles
28. Active and passive smoking and cancer of the breast, Areti Lagiou and Dimitrios Trichopoulos
29. Smoking and ovarian cancer, Crystal N. Holick and Harvey A. Risch
30. Smoking, hormone concentrations and ovarian cancer, Paul D. Terry, Thomas E. Rohan and Elisabete Weiderpass
Tobacco and cardiovascular disease
31. Tobacco and cardiovascular disease, Konrad Jamrozik
Tobacco and respiratory disease
32. Chronic obstructive lung disease, David Burns
33. Tobacco and other diseases, Allan Hackshaw
Tobacco and alcohol
34. Interaction of tobacco with other risk factors, Albert B. Lowenfels and Patrick Maisonneuve
Tobacco control: successes and failures
35. Roles of tobacco litigation in societal change, Richard A. Daynard
36. The adoption of smoke-free policies and their effectiveness, Maria Leon-Roux and John P. Pierce
37. Advancing tobacco control by effective evaluation, Ron Borland and K. Michael Cummings
38. Global tobacco policy, Nigel Gray
Treatment of dependence
39. Treatment of tobacco dependence, Robyn L. Richmond and Nicholas Zwar
Harm Reduction
40. Tobacco harm reduction, Dorothy Hatsukami and Mark Parascandola
Advocacy and activism in the real world
41. Influencing politicians to implement comprehensive tobacco control: the power of news media, Simon Chapman
Overview of regulatory efforts
42. Origins and status of the WHO framework convention on tobacco control (WHO FCTC), Vera Luiza da Costa e Silva and Douglas Bettcher
43. WHO - Coordinating international policy in tobacco control, Raman Minhas and Douglas Bettcher