Software Design for Six Sigma A Roadmap for

This proposal constitutes an algorithm of design applying the design for six sigma thinking, tools, and philosophy to software design. The algorithm will also include conceptual design frameworks, mathematical derivation for Six Sigma capability upfront to enable design teams to disregard concepts that are not capable upfront, learning the software development cycle and saving development costs. The uniqueness of this book lies in bringing all those methodologies under the umbrella of design and provide detailed description about how these methods, QFD, DOE, the robust method, FMEA, Design for X, Axiomatic Design, TRIZ can be utilized to help quality improvement in software development, what kinds of different roles those methods play in various stages of design and how to combine those methods to form a comprehensive strategy, a design algorithm, to tackle any quality issues in the design stage.

Basem S. El-Haik, PhD, is the CEO and President of Six Sigma Professionals, Inc. (www.SixSigmaPl.com) and an author of many bestselling books on the subject of DFSS and Six Sigma. Dr. El-Haik holds a PhD in Industrial Engineering from Wayne State University and a Doctorate of Manufacturing Engineering from University of Michigan-Ann Arbor. He is a well-known figure in the robust design, reliability engineering, simulation, software engineering, Computer-Aided Robust Design (CARD), Computer-Aided Reliability (CAR), and DFSS for product, service, and process arenas. Adnan Shaout is Professor in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department and Director for the Software Engineering Master Degree Program at the University of Michigan-Dearborn.

Preface	p. xv
Acknowledgments	p. xix
Software Quality Concepts	p. 1
What is Quality	p. 1
Quality, Customer Needs, and Functions	p. 3
Quality, Time to Market, and Productivity	p. 5
Quality Standards	p. 6
Software Quality Assurance and Strategies	p. 6
Software Quality Cost	p. 9
Software Quality Measurement	p. 13
Summary	p. 19
References	p. 20
Traditional Software Development Processes	p. 21
Introduction	p. 21
Why Software Developmental Processes?	p. 22
Software Development Processes	p. 23
Software Development Processes Classification	p. 46
Summary	p. 53
References	p. 53
Design Process of Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS)	p. 56
Introduction	p. 56
RTOS Hard versus Soft Real-Time Systems	p. 57
RTOS Design Features	p. 58
Task Scheduling: Scheduling Algorithms	p. 66
Intertask Communication and Resource Sharing	p. 72
Timers	p. 74
Conclusion	p. 74
References	p. 75
Software Design Methods and Representations	p. 77
Introduction	p. 77
History of Software Design Methods	p. 77
Software Design Methods	p. 79
Analysis	p. 85
System-Level Design Approaches	p. 88
Piatform-Based Design	p. 96
Component-Based Design	p. 98
Conclusions	p. 99
References	p. 100
Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) Software Measurement and Metrics	p. 103
Introduction	p. 103
Software Measurement Process	p. 105
Software Product Metrics	p. 106
GQM (Goal-Question-Metric) Approach	p. 113
Software Quality Metrics	p. 115
Software Development Process Metrics	p. 116
Software Resource Metrics	p. 117
Software Metric Plan	p. 119
References	p. 120
Statistical Techniques in Software Six Sigma and Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)	p. 122
Introduction	p. 122
Common Probability Distributions	p. 124
Software Statistical Methods	p. 124
Inferential Statistics	p. 134
A Note on Normal Distribution and Normality Assumption	p. 142
Summary	p. 144
References	p. 145
Six Sigma Fundamentals	p. 146
Introduction	p. 146
Why Six Sigma?	p. 148
What is Six Sigma?	p. 149
Introduction to Six Sigma Process Modeling	p. 152
Introduction to Business Process Management	p. 154
Six Sigma Measurement Systems Analysis	p. 156
Process Capability and Six Sigma Process Performance	p. 157
Overview of Six Sigma Improvement (DMAIC)	p. 161
DMAIC Six Sigma Tools	p. 163
Software Six Sigma	p. 165
Six Sigma Goes Upstream-Design For Six Sigma	p. 168
Summary	p. 169
References	p. 170
Introduction to Software Design For Six Sigma (DFSS)	p. 171
Introduction	p. 171
Why Software Design for Six Sigma?	p. 173
What is Software Design For Six Sigma?	p. 175
Software DFSS: The ICOV Process	p. 177
Software DFSS: The ICOV Process In Software Development	p. 179
DFSS versus DMAIC	p. 180
A Review of Sample DFSS Tools by ICOV Phase	p. 182
Other DFSS Approaches	p. 192
Summary	p. 193
Appendix 8.A (Shenvi, 2008)	p. 194
DIDOVM Phase: Define	p. 194
DIDOVM Phase: Identify	p. 196
DIDOVM Phase: Design	p. 199
DIDOVM Phase: Optimize	p. 203
DIDOVM Phase: Verify	p. 204
DIDOVM Phase: Monitor	p. 204
References	p. 205
Software Design for Six Sigma (DFSS): A Practical Guide for Successful Deployment	p. 207
Introduction	p. 207
Software Six Sigma Deployment	p. 208
Software DFSS Deployment Phases	p. 208
Black Belt and DFSS Team: Cultural Change	p. 234
References	p. 238
Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) Team and Team Software Process (TSP)	p. 239
Introduction	p. 239
The Personal Software Process (PSP)	p. 240
The Team Software Process (TSP)	p. 243
PSP and TSP Deployment Example	p. 245
The Relation of Six Sigma to CMMI/PSP/TSP for Software	p. 269
References	p. 294
Software Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) Project Road Map	p. 295
Introduction	p. 295
Software Design For Six Sigma Team	p. 297
Software Design For Six Sigma Road Map	p. 300
Summary	p. 310
Software Quality Function Deployment	p. 311
Introduction	p. 311
History of QFD	p. 313
QFD Overview	p. 314
QFD Methodology	p. 314
HOQ Evaluation	p. 318
HOQ 1: The Customer's House	p. 318
Kano Model	p. 319
QFD HOQ 2: Translation House	p. 321
QFD HOQ3-Design House	p. 324
QFD HOQ4-Process House	p. 324
Summary	p. 325
References	p. 325
Axiomatic Design in Software Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)	p. 327
Introduction	p. 327
Axiomatic Design in Product DFSS: An Introduction	p. 328
Axiom 1 in Software DFSS	p. 338
Coupling Measures	p. 349
Axiom 2 in Software DFSS	p. 352
References	p. 354
Bibliography	p. 355
Software Design For x	p. 356
Introduction	p. 356
Software Reliability and Design For Reliability	p. 357
Software Availability	p. 379
Software Design for Testability	p. 380
Design for Reusability	p. 381
Design for Maintainability	p. 382
References	p. 386
Appendix References	p. 387
Bibliography	p. 387
Software Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) Risk Management Process	p. 388
Introduction	p. 388
Planning for Risk Management Activities in Design and Development	p. 393
Software Risk Assessment Techniques	p. 394
Risk Evaluation	p. 400
Risk Control	p. 403
Postrelease Control	p. 404
Software Risk Management Roles and Responsibilities	p. 404
Conclusion	p. 404
References	p. 407
Software Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (SFMEA)	p. 409
Introduction	p. 409
FMEA: A Historical Sketch	p. 412
SFMEA Fundamentals	p. 420
Software Quality Control and Quality Assurance	p. 431
Summary	p. 434
References	p. 434
Software Optimization Techniques	p. 436
Introduction	p. 436
Optimization Metrics	p. 437
Comparing Software Optimization Metrics	p. 442
Performance Analysis	p. 453
Synchronization and Deadlock Handling	p. 455
Performance Optimization	p. 457
Compiler Optimization Tools	p. 458
Conclusion	p. 464
References	p. 464
Robust Design for Software Development	p. 466
Introduction	p. 466
Robust Design Overview	p. 468
Robust Design Concept #1: Output Classification	p. 471
Robust Design Concept #2: Quality Loss Function	p. 472
Robust Design Concept #3: Signal, Noise, and Control Factors	p. 475
Robustness Concept #4: Signal-to-Noise Ratios	p. 479
Robustness Concept #5: Orthogonal Arrays	p. 480
Robustness Concept #6: Parameter Design Analysis	p. 483
Robust Design Case Study No. 1: Streamlining of Debugging Software Using an Orthogonal Array	p. 485
Summary	p. 491
ANOVA Steps For Two Factors Completely Randomized Experiment	p. 492
References	p. 496
Software Design Verification and Validation	p. 498
Introduction	p. 498
The State of V&V Tools for Software DFSS Process	p. 500
Integrating Design Process with Validation/Verification Process	p. 502
Validation and Verification Methods	p. 504
Basic Functional Verification Strategy	p. 515
Comparison of Commercially Available Verification and Validation Tools	p. 517
Software Testing Strategies	p. 520
Software Design Standards	p. 523
Conclusion	p. 525
References	p. 525
Index	p. 527
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Software Design for Six Sigma A Roadmap for Excellence

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