Biomedical Optics Principles and Imaging

This entry-level textbook, covering the area of tissue optics, is based on the lecture notes for a graduate course (Bio-optical Imaging) that has been taught six times by the authors at Texas A&M University. After the fundamentals of photon transport in biological tissues are established, various optical imaging techniques for biological tissues will be covered. The imaging modalities will include ballistic imaging, quasi-ballistic imaging (optical coherence tomography), diffusion imaging, and ultrasound-aided hybrid imaging. The basic physics and engineering of each imaging technique will be emphasized.

Lihong V. Wang, PhD, is Gene K. Beare Distinguished Professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering and Director of the Optical Imaging Laboratory at Washington University in St. Louis. Dr. Wang is Chair of the International Biomedical Optics Society. His?Monte Carlo model of photon transport in biological tissues has been used worldwide. He has published more than 120 peer-reviewed journal articles and patents.

HSIN-I WU, PhD, is Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Texas A&M University. He has published more than fifty peer-reviewed journal articles. Dr. Wu was a senior Fulbright scholar and is listed in Outstanding Educators of America. He serves on the Editorial Advisory Board of Biocomplexity and the Editorial Board of BioMedical Engineering OnLine.

Preface
Introduction
Motivation for optical imaging
General behavior of light in biological tissue
Basic physics of light-matter interaction
Absorption and its biological origins
Scattering and its biological origins
Polarization and its biological origins
Fluorescence and its biological origins
Image characterization
References
Further readings
Problems
Rayleigh Theory And Mie Theory For A Single Scatterer
Introduction
Summary of the Rayleigh theory
Numerical example of the Rayleigh theory
Summary of the Mie theory
Numerical example of the Mie theory
Appendix 2.A
Appendix 2.B
References
Further readings
Problems
Monte Carlo Modeling Of Photon Transport In Biological Tissue
Introduction
Monte Carlo method
Definition of problem
Propagation of photons
Physical quantities
Computational examples
Appendix 3.A
Appendix 3.B
References
Further readings
Problems
Convolution For Broadbeam Responses
Introduction
General formulation of convolution
Convolution over a Gaussian beam
Convolution over a top-hat beam
Numerical solution to convolution
Computational examples
Appendix 4.A
References
Further readings
Problems
Radiative Transfer Equation And Diffusion Theory
Introduction
Definitions of physical quantities
Derivation of the radiative transport equation
Diffusion theory
Boundary conditions
Diffuse reflectance
Photon propagation regimes
References
Further readings
Problems
Hybrid Model Of Monte Carlo Method And Diffusion Theory
Introduction
Definition of problem
Diffusion theory
Hybrid model
Numerical computation
Computational examples
References
Further readings
Problems
Sensing Of Optical Properties And Spectroscopy
Introduction
Collimated transmission method
Spectrophotometry
Oblique-incidence reflectometry
White-light spectroscopy
Time-resolved measurement
Fluorescence spectroscopy
Fluorescence modeling
References
Further readings
Problems
Ballistic Imaging And Microscopy
Introduction
Characteristics of ballistic light
Time-gated imaging
Spatial-frequency filtered imaging
Polarization-difference imaging
Coherence-gated holographic imaging
Optical heterodyne imaging
Radon transformation and computed tomography
Confocal microscopy
Two-photon microscopy
Appendix 8.A. Holography
References
Further readings
Problems
Optical Coherence Tomography
Introduction
Michelson interferometry
Coherence length and coherence time
Time-domain OCT
Fourier-domain rapid scanning optical delay line
Fourier-domain OCT
Doppler OCT
Group velocity dispersion
Monte Carlo modeling of OCT
References
Further readings
Problems
Mueller Optical Coherence Tomography
Introduction
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Biomedical Optics Principles and Imaging

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Table of Contents

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